Freshwater Review Part II

1. At the bottom of the river, there are particles that are 1.1mm. What type of particle is this, and approximately how fast would the flow have to be to transport it?

• Sand, about 11 cm/s

• Pebbles, about 111 cm/s

• Gravel, about 11 cm/s

• Silt, about 111 cm/s

1. The Colorado River has carved out the Grand Canyon over many thousands of years. Which of the following is FALSE?

• There is sediment along the base of the river

• The Colorado River has a faster flow than the Concord River, which is in Concord

• The Colorado River is a medium grade stream

• 1. While the Colorado River does have a few meanders, there is (thus far) no ox-bow lake that has diverged from it.

Which of the following has the highest permeability?

• A container of musical instruments of various sizes

• A box of various blocks of wood

• A cup of sharp rocks that Todd found at the beach

• A bag of equally sized marbles

Josh lives by a third-order stream with an average depth of 4m and an average width of 8m, and a stream velocity of 10 meters per second. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

• A second order stream and a third order stream flow together to create Josh's stream

• A cross-section of the stream would be 32 square meters

• You can calculate the gradient of Josh's river with the given information

• The stream discharge is about 320 cubic meters per second

Mabel lives near a reservoir where they are digging a man-made river to distribute the water throughout the land. Which of the following actions WILL affect the stream discharge?

• Changing the steepness (gradient) of the river

• Paving the bottom and sides of the man-made river

• Making the river wider

• Making the river deeper

Allison is building a makeshift pool in her backyard for the summer. Assuming that all the following locations exist in her backyard, where should she build the pool for it to be most effective? Allison wants to retain the water for as long as possible, and all she has is a shovel and determination.

• In the garden, which has loose soil for about 6 feet down

• On top of a water table (but not breaking down into the aquifer)

• Right in her patio, which has a lot of tightly-packed sand

• Inside an area of small pebbles and rocks, which are used to grow strawberries in the spring

The Terebitha River has many meanders. It's also quite steep. After hundreds of years, what could you say is TRUE about the river?

• The valleys have worn away, although the mountains remain; the river is no deeper than when it began

• The Terebitha transports almost exclusively large particles

• There is no chance an ox-bow lake has formed

• A delta has formed at the bottom, with large sediment at the base