6th Grade Topic 4

How does convection cause ocean currents?

• During the process of convection, energy in warm water is lost to its surroundings. The water cools, becomes denser, and sinks.

• During the process of convection, the heating of surface water by the sun results in upwelling.

• During the process of convection, energy is transferred to the atmosphere, forming winds. These winds power surface currents.

• During the process of convection, more minerals and gases dissolve in warm water. This increases the density of the warm water and causes it to sink.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Ozone is a molecule that is found mostly in the stratosphere. What is the main benefit of ozone?

• Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun and shields Earth from some of this harmful energy.

• Ozone protects Earth from lightning.

• Ozone protects Earth from space debris.

• Ozone absorbs infrared radiation from the sun and shields Earth from some of this harmful energy.

Which of the following best describes the movement of heat energy in the global ocean?

• 1. Heat energy is transported to the equator from the continents.

• 1. Heat energy in deep currents is transported to the ocean’s surface.

• 1. Heat energy in warm surface currents is transported to areas near Earth’s

     poles.

• 1. Heat energy is transported from areas of lower temperature to areas of

     higher temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

When energy from the sun reaches the air above land, the air warms and rises. Along a coastline, cooler air above the ocean flows toward the land to replace this rising air. Which of the following best describe these processes?

• 1. conduction and convection

• 1. radiation and convection

• 1. conduction, convection, and radiation

• 1. radiation and conduction

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Conduction happens as energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object. Which of the following is an example of conduction?

• electromagnetic radiation transfers energy from the sun to Earth

• cooler air molecules come in contact with warm ground, causing energy to be passed to the air

• warmer air is pushed upward and out of the way by cooler air

• dense water sinks to the ocean floor and less dense water moves to the ocean surface

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

This map shows the movement of heat throughout the global ocean.

Based on the map, which of the following statements best summarizes the movement of heat through the world's oceans?

• 1. Warm water moves from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

• 1. Cold water moves away from the equator and picks up heat near the

     poles.

• 1. Warm water is found near the equator, and cold water is found near the

     poles.

• 1. Heat energy is transported from areas near the equator to areas near the

     poles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Different areas of Earth's oceans receive different amounts of energy in the form of heat, resulting in ocean currents and weather patterns. What is the main source of this energy?

• 1. kinetic energy from tides

• 1. kinetic energy from ocean currents

• 1. electromagnetic radiation from the sun

• 1. energy transfer within Earth’s crust

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The global movement of air occurs in convection cells. In general, how does air move?

• 1. from areas of higher temperature to areas of lower temperature

• 1. from areas of lower temperature to areas of higher temperature

• 1. from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure

• 1. from areas of lower pressure to areas of higher pressure

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

The greenhouse effect is a dynamic process that affects Earth's environment. It involves radiation, heat, and gases; it has both positive and negative results. Which of these is a positive result of Earth's greenhouse effect?

• 1. It increases when gases are added to the atmosphere, which may cause climate to be warmer than it was 100 years ago.

• 1. It creates an increase in Earth’s temperature, melting ice at the poles and causing ocean levels to rise.

• 1. It traps heat energy from the Sun, creating temperatures that sustain life on Earth.

• 1. It removes volatile organic compounds from homes, decreasing the chances of respiratory problems.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

A science class is studying how Earth's surface is warmed by sunlight. The illustration shows one student's model of the sun and Earth.

How is energy transferred from the lamp to the soil in this model?

• 1. by convection, as warm air sinks

• 1. by cooler air rising from the soil

• 1. by direct transfer of energy from the lamp to the soil

• 1. by electromagnetic waves

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4