Statistics for Beginners Final Quiz

1. What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

• Descriptive statistics involve data collection only.

• Inferential statistics involve making predictions only.

• Descriptive statistics summarize and describe data, inferential statistics use samples to make inferences about populations.

• There is no difference; they are terms for the same concept.

1. Define 'mean', 'median', and 'mode'.

• Measures of central tendency that describe different ways to represent the average in a set.

• Mathematical functions in calculus.

• Types of distributions.

• 1. Graphical representations of data.

1. What is the purpose of using a histogram?

• To solve algebraic equations.

• To display the frequency distribution of numerical data.

• To plot the relationship between two variables.

• To measure the central tendency of a dataset.

1. Explain the concept of a normal distribution.

• A distribution where all values are equally likely.

• A symmetrical distribution shaped like a bell curve, where most values cluster around a central peak and probabilities for values decrease as they move away from the center.

• 1. A distribution that shows only negative or only positive values.

• 1. A graphical representation of a categorical dataset.

1. What does 'standard deviation' measure in a dataset?

• 1. The average value of the data.

• The median value of the data.

• The total range of the data.

• 1. The amount of variation or dispersion of the data around the mean.

1. Define the term 'variance' in statistics.

• The difference between the highest and lowest values.

• The average of the squared differences from the mean

• The ratio of the number of outcomes to the number of successes.

• A measure of how data points relate to each other.

1. What is a 'sample' in statistics?

• A small part of something larger, such as a song or a video.

• A subset of a population used in statistical analysis to represent the whole.

• The outcome of an experiment.

•  A visual representation of numerical data.

1. Explain the term 'population' in a statistical context.

• A group of people living in a specific area.

• A group of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment.

• 1. The entire set of possible outcomes in a probability distribution.

• A collective group of researchers conducting an experiment.

1. What is a 'random sample' and why is it important?

• 1. A musical sample taken from a random track.

• A sample that is not important to statistical analysis.

• A sample chosen from a population in such a way that every member has an equal chance of being included, important for reducing bias.

• A sample that consists of random numbers.

1. Describe what a 'scatter plot' is used for.

• To create a map of stars.

• To display the frequency of data within intervals.

• To show the relationship between two variables by displaying data points on a two-dimensional graph.

• To show the trend of data over time.