The Chemistry of Life_1

What is the difference between an anion and a cation?

• (a) An anion is a positive ion, while a cation is a negative ion.

• (b) Both anions and cations are neutral ions.

• (c) An anion gains electrons, while a cation loses electrons.

• (d) Anions are larger than cations.

What happens to the outer electron shell of an atom when it forms an ionic bond?

• It gains protons
• It remains the same
• It becomes unstable
• It loses or gains electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell.

Which type of element is most likely to lose electrons and form cations?

• Metal
• Noble gas
• Non-metal
• Metalloid

Which type of element is most likely to gain electrons and form anions?

• Metalloids
• Noble gases
• Metals
• Nonmetals

Which property of an element determines its electronegativity?

• Number of electrons and atomic radius
• Atomic weight and number of neutrons
• Valence electron configuration and ionization energy
• Number of protons and distance of valence electrons

What is the strongest force of attraction between oppositely charged ions?

• Covalent bond
• Hydrogen bond
• Van der Waals force
• Ionic bond

How do ionic compounds differ from covalent compounds?

• Ionic compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
• Covalent compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
• Ionic compounds are not formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
• Ionic compounds are formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Which compound is most likely to be ionic?

• Sodium chloride (NaCl)
• Methane (CH4)
• Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Water (H2O)

Can an ionic bond exist between two atoms of the same element?

• Yes
• Only in certain conditions
• Maybe
• No

What is the Octet Rule and how does it relate to ionic bonding?

• Atoms share protons to achieve a full outer shell
• Atoms lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell
• Atoms gain protons to achieve a full outer shell
• Atoms transfer electrons to achieve a full outer shell