Midterm Review 4

Which term refers to the 11th Century power struggle between Pope Gregory VII and King Henry IV regarding the appointments of church officials?

• the Investiture Controversy

• the Battle of Hastings

• the Divine Right of Kings

• the Second Crusade

Which of these correctly arranges the general hierarchy of the European feudal system?

• 1. Lords, 2. Monarch, 3. Knights, 4. Peasants

• 1. Monarch, 2. Lords, 3. Knights, 4. Peasants

• 1. Peasants, 2. Lords, 3. Monarch, 4. Knights

• 1. Knights, 2. Peasants, 3. Monarch, 4. Lords

Which is the BEST description of how medieval monks contributed to Western culture and civilization?

• They re-wrote the Bible and changed many of its original stories and messages so that European peasants could understand them.

• They helped preserve the learning, writing, and culture of the early Greeks, Romans, and Christians.

• Much of their artwork served as the inspiration for the "Renaissance" that developed in Italy.

• They organized and led bands of "Crusaders" who defended Europe from Muslim attackers.

Which choice best describes Henry VIII's and Elizabeth I's role in the English Reformation?

• Henry was strictly against changing his Catholic faith for any reason, while this daughter, Elizabeth, wanted to become Lutheran to bring peace to her realm.

• Henry VIII wanted England to be a Protestant nation because the his wife, Catherine, was Protestant.

• Henry VIII wanted England to be a Protestant nation for personal reasons, while Elizabeth, his daughter, wanted to bring Protestantism back to bring peace to the realm.

• Elizabeth, Henry's daughter, had been raised Catholic, refused to change her religion, and Henry was strictly against changing his Catholic faith for any reason.

Because of its location, which European country was the first to launch large scale exploration voyages?

• Germany

• the Netherlands

• France

• Portugal

Which BEST completes the chart?

• Which BEST completes the chart?

• women in the workforce

• the growth of large cities

• the creation of highways

• poor working conditions

What was the BIGGEST reason that Europeans began to explore unknown regions of the world during the Age of Exploration?

• Europeans had a desire to find uncivilized cultures and teach them the correct way to live.

• Europeans believed that there were cultures who needed to be taught about Christianity.

• Europeans wanted new sources of raw materials and new markets to which they could sell goods, increasing European wealth.

• Europeans wanted to discover new lands, new creatures, and new cultures in order to expand their knowledge of the world.

Pietro Perugino's painting is considered an ideal example of Renaissance art because of its use of

• color.

• perspective.

• religious symbolism.

• natural elements.

Which European philosopher believed that the purpose of government is to protect natural rights?

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Adam Smith

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

The term "divine right" is MOST closely related to which of these types of government?

• democracies

• absolute monarchies

• parliamentary democracies

• dictatorships