Module 2- Lower Respiratory System Anatomy and Function

Identify the area of the trachea indicated by the arrow

• Carina

• Alveoli

• Primary Bronchi

• Bronchioles

Answer explanation

The area of the trachea indicated by the arrow is the Carina. It is the point where the trachea splits into the left and right primary bronchi.

What is the main airway to the lungs?

• Diaphragm

• Alveoli

• Trachea

• Bronchi

Answer explanation

The main airway to the lungs is the trachea. It connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass into and out of the lungs.

What is the structure indicated by the arrow?

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Larynx

• Epiglottis

Answer explanation

The structure indicated by the arrow is the Larynx. It is responsible for producing sound and protecting the airway during swallowing.

What is the function of the pleura?

• To produce surfactant

• To absorb carbon dioxide

• To allow optimal lung expansion

• To transport oxygen

Answer explanation

The pleura allows optimal lung expansion as it facilitates fluid flow and lessens friction when breathing

How many lobes does the right lung have?

• Three

• Two

• Five

• Four

Answer explanation

The lung has fives lobes, three on the right and two on the left.

The lower respiratory system consists of ALL of the following parts EXCEPT

• Alveoli

• Trachea

• Nasal Passage

• Bronchioles

Answer explanation

The lower respiratory system consists of the trachea, bronchioles, and alveoli. The nasal passage is part of the upper respiratory system.

What is the main function of the alveoli?

• Gas exchange

• Production of surfactant

• Absorbing carbon dioxide

• Transporting air

Answer explanation

The main function of the alveoli is gas exchange, where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released.

What is the role of conducting bronchioles?

• Absorbing oxygen

• Producing pleural fluid

• Transporting air

• Gas exchange

Answer explanation

The role of conducting bronchioles is to transport air. They are responsible for carrying air from the trachea to the alveoli in the lungs for gas exchange.

Where is the pleura located in the lungs?

• On the anterior surface

• On the mediastinal surface

• On the lateral surface

• On the posterior surface

___________ is directly connected to the alveoli

• Bronchi

• Trachea

• Carina

• Bronchioles

Answer explanation

Bronchioles are directly connected to the alveoli, allowing for efficient gas exchange in the lungs.