Genetics Vocab

Sections of DNA found on chromosomes that give instructions for producing a trait. 

• Gene

• Karyotype

• Genotype

• Dominant Allele

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Different versions of the same gene. Ex- purple or white flowers

• Homozygous

• Gene

• Allele

• Pedigree chart

An organism’s genetic information. 

• Gentotype

• Phenotype

• Homozygous

• Heterozygous

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

An organism’s physical traits or appearance

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous

Two identical alleles. Either two dominant or two recessive. 

Example - HH or TT

• Allele

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous

• Pedigree Chart

Two different alleles. One dominant and one recessive.

Example - Tt or Hh

• Genotype

• Homozygous

• Heterozygous

• Gene

Creates a trait (phenotype) if ONE or TWO copies of the allele are present in an organism.

Genotype: uses capital letters - HH

• Dominant allele

• Recessive allele

• Chromosome

• Codominance

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Creates a trait (phenotype) ONLY when TWO copies of the allele are present.

Genotype: uses lower case letters - hh

• Dominant allele

• Recessive allele

• Codominance

• Incomplete Dominance

Shows BOTH dominant traits at once - like a combination

Example - a red and while flower producing a flower with some red petals and some white petals

• Codominance

• Incomplete Dominance

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous

Shows a BLEND or MIX of two dominant traits.

Example - a white and red flower producing a pink offspring

• Codominance

• Incomplete Dominance

• Allele

• Gene