IB Psych: Cognitive Unit Test Review

The two models of memory we studied (select 2)

• Working Memory Model

• Multi-Store Memory Model

• Iconic Memory Model

• Long Term Memory Model

How does the Multi-Store Memory Model explain how an event moves into your short term memory?

• It requires your attention

• It requires rehearsal

• It requires a visual component.

• It requires a strong emotional reaction.

Answer explanation

It requires your attention! For example, you may not notice the scent of popcorn until your friend points it out. Once you pay attention, you smell the popcorn and it becomes a short term memory.

Rehearsal is not required for SHORT TERM memories, rehearsal is required for a memory to MOVE from short-term to long-term.

The multi-store memory model...

• Does not explain multitasking

• Explains multitasking

The Working Memory Model

• Explains multitasking

• Does not explain multitasking

The phonological loop, visuo-spacial sketchpad, and episodic buffer are all components of...

• Short term memory in the Working Memory Model

• Short term memory in the Mutli-Store Memory Model

• Long term memory in the Working Memory Model

• Long term memory in the Multi-Store Memory Model

Explains memory distortion and the role of emotion in memory

• Neither

• Working Memory Model

• Multi-Store Memory Model

• Both

Study showing evidence for Schema Theory

• Brewer & Treyens

• Landry & Bartling

• Neisser and Harsch

• Bailey & Pillard

Answer explanation

Remember that the Brewer & Treyens study was where they sat participants in an office, then later asked them what items they remembered seeing in the office.

This study sat participants in an office, then later asked them to identify all the items that were present in the office.

• Brewer & Treyans

• Bailey & Pillard

• Newsom & Smith

• Barnum & Bailey

Answer explanation

That study was evidence of schema theory!

Like a filing cabinet full of index cards of what to do/how to behave in different scenarios.

• Cognitive schema

• Memory models

• Flashbulb Memory

• Dual-Processing Model

Based on the idea that memories are not saved as wholes and that we only remember bits and pieces of things. Our cognitive schema fills in the blanks.

• Reconstructive memory

• Flashbulb memory

• Dual Processing Model

• Memory Models