Quiz about ES Weather and Climate

Question 1

Which organism is most likely to experience the early negative effects of global warming?

Accepted Answer

a polar bear living on ice in the Arctic

Answer

a tree frog living in the Amazon jungle

Answer

a snake living in the desert in Africa

Answer

phytoplankton drifting in ocean currents

Question 2

Most scientists believe that one factor contributing to global warming is ________.

Accepted Answer

the burning of fossil fuels

Answer

the changing tilt of Earth's axis

Answer

changes in Earth's orbit around the sun

Answer

increased sunspot activity

Question 3

In winter, cold dry air blows from west to east over the Great Lakes. This causes heavy snows to fall__________.

Accepted Answer

on the east side of the lakes

Answer

on the lakes

Answer

on the west side of the lakes

Answer

all around the lakes

Question 4

Most of the United States is located in which climate zone?

Accepted Answer

temperate

Answer

polar

Answer

tropical

Answer

humid

Question 5

Which biome is characterized by significant precipitation and contains more than 50 percent of all the species on Earth?

Accepted Answer

tropical rain forest

Answer

deciduous forest

Answer

taiga

Answer

temperate grassland

Question 6

Which of the following atmospheric components is beneficial to humans at higher altitudes, but dangerous near ground level?

Accepted Answer

ozone

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

sulfuric acid

Answer

oxygen

Question 7

Which of the following correctly describes the greenhouse effect?

Accepted Answer

Earth's atmosphere heats naturally when solar radiation is absorbed.

Answer

Air temperatures increase due to increased amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Answer

Air pollution causes the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Answer

The greenhouse effect and global warming are the same processes.

Question 8

What would you expect to happen to the air pressure as a storm approaches?

Accepted Answer

It would decrease.

Answer

It would increase.

Answer

It would remain steady.

Answer

It would increase and decrease wildly.

Question 9

When a mass of air is cooling, what will happen when the air temperature reaches the dew point?

Accepted Answer

Water vapor in the air will begin to condense.

Answer

The skies will clear up.

Answer

It will always start to rain or snow.

Answer

Puddles of water will evaporate.

Question 10

What must the relative humidity be if it is foggy outside?

Accepted Answer

100 percent

Answer

0 percent

Answer

50 percent

Answer

90 percent

Question 11

How does groundwater get back into the water cycle?

Accepted Answer

It flows to a lower level and into a stream

Answer

It is drawn out by low pressure air masses.

Answer

It evaporates directly into the air.

Answer

It never returns to become part of the water cycle unless humans pump it out..

Question 12

Where is groundwater found?

Accepted Answer

in underground rock

Answer

on the surface of Earth

Answer

in the top layer of soil

Answer

in ponds, lakes, and rivers

Question 13

Where do hurricanes form?

Accepted Answer

in the tropical regions

Answer

in the arctic region

Answer

in the temperate regions

Answer

close to the polar regions

Question 14

Most tropical storms develop_________.

Accepted Answer

over the ocean near the equator

Answer

in the polar regions

Answer

over land

Answer

along the edges of tectonic plates

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT believed to produce long-term climate change?

Accepted Answer

dust storms

Answer

changes in Earth's orbit around the sun

Answer

changes in the tilt of Earth's axis

Answer

movement of the continents

Question 16

Identify the true statement regarding Earth's seasons.

Accepted Answer

Seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth's axis.

Answer

Seasons are caused by the sun's cycle of heating and cooling.

Answer

Seasons change because Earth gets closer to the sun at certain times of year.

Answer

Seasons are caused by the shape of the orbit of Earth.

Question 17

In which layer of the atmosphere do most clouds form?

Accepted Answer

troposphere

Answer

They form in all layers.

Answer

stratosphere

Answer

mesosphere

Question 18

As a front passes through your area, thunderstorms occur, winds shift from southeast to northwest, and the temperature changes from 85 to 65 degrees F. What kind of front was this?

Accepted Answer

cold front

Answer

warm front

Answer

stationary front

Answer

occluded front

Question 19

How do rain droplets form?

Accepted Answer

condensation of water vapor

Answer

evaporation of water vapor

Answer

transpiration of water vapor

Answer

respiration of water vapor

Question 20

Raindrops that freeze before striking the ground are called _________.

Accepted Answer

sleet

Answer

freezing rain

Answer

snow

Answer

drizzle

Question 21

A weather map is often used to illustrate the boundary that separates warmer and cooler air. What is this boundary called?

Accepted Answer

a front

Answer

a thermal line

Answer

a conduction line

Answer

the jet stream

Question 22

What is the effect of the unequal heating of Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

wind

Answer

ocean tides

Answer

the greenhouse effect

Answer

the Coriolis effect

Question 23

If there is a period of many sunspots, which is NOT a possible effect?

Accepted Answer

Earth will emit less radiation.

Answer

More sunlight will be emitted.

Answer

The warming of Earth will release heat into space.

Answer

The climate will warm as greenhouse gases absorb more radiation.

Question 24

How would Earth be different without the presence of greenhouse gases within the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Earth would be much colder without greenhouse gases because greenhouse gases trap and reradiate heat energy back toward Earth.

Answer

Earth would be more dangerous without greenhouse gases because greenhouse gases block UV radiation from the sun.

Answer

Earth would be much warmer without greenhouse gases because greenhouse gases absorb the sun's energy and prevent it from reaching Earth.

Answer

Earth would be the same because greenhouse gases in the atmosphere don't have any impact on the conditions on Earth.

Question 25

What gas is necessary for humans to breathe? What percentage of Earth's atmosphere does this gas constitute?

Accepted Answer

oxygen, 21%

Answer

nitrogen, 21%

Answer

nitrogen, 78%

Answer

oxygen, 78%

Question 26

Within which atmospheric layer is the highest concentration of ozone found?

Accepted Answer

the stratosphere

Answer

the troposphere

Answer

the exosphere

Answer

the thermosphere

Question 27

List the layers of Earth's atmosphere in order of increasing altitude.

Accepted Answer

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

Answer

exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere

Answer

troposphere, stratosphere, ozone layer, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

Answer

stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, troposphere

Question 28

The physical features of the land in a region make up its __________.

Accepted Answer

topography

Answer

climatology

Answer

meteorology

Answer

biology

Question 29

What would you expect to happen to the air pressure as a storm approaches?

Accepted Answer

It would decrease.

Answer

It would increase.

Answer

It would remain steady.

Answer

It would increase and decrease wildly.

Question 30

As a front passes through your area, thunderstorms occur, winds shift from southeast to northwest, and the temperature changes from 85 to 65 degrees F. What kind of front was this?

Accepted Answer

cold front

Answer

warm front

Answer

stationary front

Answer

occluded front

Question 31

Identify the type of clouds that usually produce thunderstorms.

Accepted Answer

cumulonimbus clouds

Answer

cirrus clouds

Answer

lenticular clouds

Answer

cumulus clouds

Question 32

Why is the air close to the ground much warmer than the air at higher elevations?

Accepted Answer

Terrestrial radiation warms the lower atmosphere.

Answer

There is less ice in the lower atmosphere.

Answer

Heat from volcanoes warms the lower atmosphere.

Answer

There is less wind close to the ground.

Question 33

Why are regions near Earth's equator always warmer than the polar regions?

Accepted Answer

Equatorial regions receive more intense sunlight.

Answer

Equatorial regions receive less intense sunlight.

Answer

Equatorial regions have fewer clouds.

Answer

Equatorial regions have more clouds.

Question 34

The seafloor is characterized as _____________.

Accepted Answer

having hills and valleys

Answer

flat

Answer

deeper and flatter farther in the sea

Answer

shallow along the shore and flat deeper in the sea

Question 35

Which set of factors would be most important in predicting the destructive power of a meteorite impact?

Accepted Answer

the speed, size, mass, and composition of the meteorite

Answer

the direction, size, color, and temperature of the meteorite

Answer

the shape, mass, origin, and density of the meteorite

Answer

the age, composition, amount of spin, and speed of the meteorite

Question 36

Which data would be useful to collect to predict the effects of a volcanic eruption on nearby plant life?

Accepted Answer

the amount of light that passes through the volcanic plume

Answer

the latitude and longitude of the volcano

Answer

the temperature of the magma inside the volcano

Answer

the distance from the volcano from which the sound of the eruption was reported

Question 37

Which one of these events is most likely to have a significant impact on world climate?

Accepted Answer

a volcanic eruption

Answer

an earthquake

Answer

a hurricane

Answer

a tsunami

Question 38

Maria says that catastrophes can cause short term climate change. Which evidence supports her claim?

Accepted Answer

Air temperatures cool after the eruption of a major volcano.

Answer

Hurricanes that strike the Gulf Coast cause widespread flooding.

Answer

When large sections of icebergs break off and fall into the ocean, more fresh water enters the world's oceans.

Answer

Earthquakes sometimes cause major structural damage of buildings.

Question 39

Michael said to his friends "Pollution and deforestation have no effect on Earth's climate." Which is the most accurate critique of Michael's statement?

Accepted Answer

Michael would be more accurate to say "Pollution and deforestation are probably contributing to a change in Earth's climate."

Answer

Michael is correct. Pollution and deforestation have no effect on Earth's climate.

Answer

Michael should be saying something about trash and smoke affecting Earth's climate.

Answer

It would be better if Michael talked about the effect of hurricanes and volcanoes on Earth's climate.

Question 40

Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in the past century is causing ______.

Accepted Answer

global warming

Answer

acid rain

Answer

ozone depletion

Answer

smog

Question 41

Global warming occurs because carbon dioxide _________.

Accepted Answer

traps heat in the atmosphere

Answer

reflects sunlight

Answer

is a hot gas

Answer

destroys ozone

Question 42

Most scientists believe that one factor contributing to global warming is ________.

Accepted Answer

the burning of fossil fuels

Answer

the changing tilt of Earth's axis

Answer

changes in Earth's orbit around the sun

Answer

increased sunspot activity

Question 43

What is the relationship between altitude and air density within Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

As altitude increases, air density decreases.

Answer

As altitude increases, air density increases.

Answer

As altitude increases, air density remains the same.

Answer

There is no relationship between altitude and air density within Earth's atmosphere.

Question 44

How would Earth be different without the presence of greenhouse gases within the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Earth would be much colder without greenhouse gases because greenhouse gases trap and reradiate heat energy back toward Earth.

Answer

Earth would be more dangerous without greenhouse gases because greenhouse gases block UV radiation from the sun.

Answer

Earth would be much warmer without greenhouse gases because greenhouse gases absorb the sun's energy and prevent it from reaching Earth.

Answer

Earth would be the same because greenhouse gases in the atmosphere don't have any impact on the conditions on Earth.

Question 45

Which of the following is the only list representing natural components of the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

pollen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide

Answer

dust, argon, and smog

Answer

pollen, sulfuric acids, smog

Answer

dust, oxygen, and sulfuric acids

Question 46

Which of the following atmospheric components is beneficial to humans at higher altitudes, but dangerous near ground level?

Accepted Answer

ozone

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

sulfuric acid

Answer

oxygen

Question 47

How are the components of air related to the water cycle?

Accepted Answer

Water vapor in the air condenses and falls as rain.

Answer

Dust and sand absorb moisture in the air.

Answer

Nitrogen and oxygen are taken out of the air by rain.

Answer

Ozone helps clouds remain high in the atmosphere.

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