NGSS Biology EOC Review Quiz

What is the function of the cell membrane in a cell?

• Regulates movement of substances and provides protection and support

• Produces energy and carries out cellular respiration

• Stores genetic information and controls cell activities

• Helps with cell division and reproduction

Describe the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells are only found in plants, while eukaryotic cells are only found in animals.

• Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

• Prokaryotic cells are larger in size compared to eukaryotic cells.

How are traits passed from parents to offspring?

• Through the exchange of ideas and behaviors between parents and offspring

• Through the passing down of physical characteristics acquired by the parents

• Through the transmission of traits acquired during the parent's lifetime

• Through the transmission of genetic information in the form of DNA

Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype.

• Genotype refers to physical characteristics, while phenotype refers to genetic makeup

• Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the physical characteristics.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same thing

• Genotype is only relevant for plants, while phenotype is only relevant for animals

What is natural selection and how does it lead to evolution?

• Natural selection is the process of organisms randomly changing over time.

• Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more, leading to the evolution of species over time.

• Natural selection is the process of organisms adapting to their environment but not leading to evolution.

• Natural selection is the process of humans selecting which organisms will survive and reproduce.

Describe the process of speciation.

• Speciation is the process by which new species evolve from existing species through various mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic drift, and reproductive isolation.

• Speciation is the process of animals changing color over time

• Speciation is the process of a single species evolving into multiple species simultaneously

• Speciation occurs when a species becomes extinct

What is an ecosystem and how do biotic and abiotic factors interact within it?

• Biotic and abiotic factors do not interact within an ecosystem.

• An ecosystem is a community of non-living organisms interacting with the living components of their environment.

• Ecosystems only consist of abiotic factors and do not involve biotic factors.

• An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (biotic factors) interacting with the non-living components (abiotic factors) of their environment. Biotic and abiotic factors interact within an ecosystem through processes such as photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, and energy flow.

Explain the concept of carrying capacity in an ecological system.

• The number of species in an ecosystem

• The amount of food available in an environment

• The maximum population size that an environment can sustain indefinitely.

• The average lifespan of organisms in a habitat

What are some ethical considerations in the field of biotechnology?

• Weather patterns, soil composition, animal behavior

• Mathematical equations, chemical reactions, physical properties

• Privacy, consent, potential misuse

• Historical events, cultural traditions, artistic expression

Discuss the potential benefits and risks of genetically modified organisms.

• The potential benefits include decreased crop yield and reduced nutritional value, while the risks include no impact on the environment and no health concerns.

• The potential benefits include no impact on crop yield and nutritional value, while the risks include no impact on the environment and no health concerns.

• The potential benefits include increased crop yield and nutritional value, while the risks include environmental impact and potential health concerns.

• The potential benefits include decreased crop yield and reduced nutritional value, while the risks include positive environmental impact and no health concerns.