Tanker Safety and Chemical Properties Quiz

Which of the following best describes toxicity?

• The ability of a substance to burn in the presence of oxygen.

• The probability of a harmful substance reaching the body.

• The degree to which a substance can harm living organisms.

• The likelihood of a substance reacting with other materials.

What is the main difference between volatile and non-volatile liquids on tankers?

• Volatile liquids have flashpoints above 60°C, while non-volatile liquids have flashpoints below 60°C.

• Volatile liquids release flammable gases below 60°C, while non-volatile liquids do not.

• Non-volatile liquids are more likely to cause corrosion than volatile liquids.

• Non-volatile liquids are less hazardous than volatile liquids.

Which type of hazard involves the risk of substances undergoing chemical reactions that release energy, heat, or gas?

• Corrosion hazards

• Reactivity hazards

• Flammability hazards

• Health hazards

Based on the document, what is the purpose of using double-hulled tankers?

• To prevent fire hazards by separating fuel sources.

• To minimize spills and leaks that harm the environment.

• To store cryogenic cargoes at low temperatures.

• To reduce static electricity during cargo transfer.

Analyze why the inhalation of petroleum gas is dangerous even at concentrations below the lower flammable limit.

• The gases are always odourless, so detection is impossible.

• Petroleum gas can impair the sense of smell and cause severe health effects.

• At low concentrations, petroleum gas does not mix with air, increasing toxicity.

• The lower flammable limit ensures that all gas mixtures are safe.

Which factor does not contribute to the generation of static electricity on tankers?

• Free fall of liquids into tanks

• Discharge of carbon dioxide

• Frictional sparks during chipping

• Use of synthetic materials

Evaluate the importance of the IMO's IBC Code in mitigating environmental hazards.

• It ensures tankers use double hulls to prevent leaks.

• It provides international standards for safe transport of chemicals in bulk.

• It monitors the air quality around tanker routes.

• It mandates the use of fire-resistant materials for tankers.

What is the primary reason for segregating incompatible cargoes on tankers?

• To reduce the risk of corrosion in storage tanks.

• To prevent dangerous chemical reactions between cargoes.

• To ensure uniform loading and unloading procedures.

• To minimize environmental damage in case of a spill.

Which of the following measures can prevent polymerization in certain chemical cargoes?

• Regular coating of tanks with anti-corrosive materials

• Adding inhibitors to the cargo

• Storing cargo under cryogenic conditions

• Using double-hulled tankers for containment

Analyze how vapour clouds from tanker spills pose dual hazards.

• Vapour clouds can cause oxygen depletion and corrosion of equipment.

• Vapour clouds are flammable and can cause toxic effects on humans.

• Vapour clouds impair the functionality of firefighting systems.

• Vapour clouds reduce air pressure, causing structural damage to tankers.