Final Review Part 4

How do the oceans moderate global temperatures?

• Ocean currents carry warm water away from the equator to the polar regions

• Ocean currents carry water water towards the equator

• Deep ocean water cools water at the polar regions

• Deep ocean water warms surface water

Nuclear power and drilling for oil can both negatively affects ecosystems. Which negative impact can only be caused by nuclear power?

• Air pollution

• Water contamination

• Exposure to uranium

• Spread of invasive vegetation

What is an effect of deforestation?

• Decrease in biodiversity

• Decrease in rainwater runoff

• Decrease in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

• Decrease in the amount of water on Earth

Which action will have long-lasting, negative consequences on the lithosphere?

• Expanded use of electric cars

• Increased practice of aquaculture

• Use of sustainable farming techniques

• Continued use of fossil fuels for energy

What is a potential environmental hazard if the US decides to increase the amount of offshore drilling in the Gulf of Mexico?

• Shoreline water levels would increase

• The amount of fish in the area would decrease

• The risk of oil spills in the ocean would increase

• Decreased amounts of methane would be emitted into the atmosphere

What might occur in a region that experiences additional rainfall after its groundwater levels have reached maximum saturation?

• The rainfall will evaporate

• There is a possibility of flooding

• There is a possibility a new lake will be created

• The groundwater levels will adjust to the additional rainfall

What is the main difference between chemical and physical weathering?

• Chemical breaks rocks down, and physical carries rocks away

• Chemical changes the composition of rocks, and physical breaks down rocks

• Chemical makes rocks smooth, and physical makes rocks rough

• Chemical transforms igneous to sedimentary rock, and physical transforms metamorphic to igneous rocks

Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur frequently near the coastline surrounding the Pacific Ocean. Which most likely causes these events?

• El Nino

• Tectonic plates

• Ocean currents

• Rotation of Earth

Which is most likely responsible for the formation of metamorphic rock?

• Divergence of oceanic plates

• Earth’s internal heat energy

• Energy from the sun

• The force of gravity

Other than by physically breaking apart rocks and soil, how does water influence the erosion of the Earth’s surface?

• By dissolving minerals in rocks in the lithosphere

• By causing an increase in the salinity of the oceans

• By melting the ice of frozen lakes and icebergs

• By absorbing heat from the sun to generate ocean currents