BIO300L2Recap

A 35-year-old man presents with severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever. Imaging reveals an inflamed appendix. Which chemical mediator is likely involved in the pain experienced with the development of acute inflammation in appendicitis?

• Prostaglandin

• Interleukins

• Tumor necrosis factor

• Leukotrienes

• Histamine

A 60-year-old woman complains of chronic pruritis (itchy skin), and dry skin. Which cell type is most likely found involved in this immune response?

• Neutrophils

• Basophils

• Lymphocytes

• Eosinophils

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

In response to chemotactic signals, neutrophils migrate out of the bloodstream by:

• Margination

• Diapedesis

• Opsonization

• Extravasation

• Phagocytosis

Which molecule is released by mast cells and contributes to the vasodilation and increased vascular permeability observed in the early stages of acute inflammation?

• Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

• Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)

• Histamine

• Bradykinin

After phagocytosis, which organelle within the phagocyte fuses with the phagosome to facilitate the digestion of engulfed particles?

• Lysosome

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

What is the fate of neutrophils after completing their role in acute inflammation?

• They transform into macrophages

• They undergo apoptosis and are phagocytosed by macrophages

• They circulate back into the bloodstream

• They differentiate into plasma cells

During the proliferative phase of wound healing, which cells are responsible for the synthesis of collagen and other extracellular matrix components?

• Macrophages

• Fibroblast

• Neutrophils

• Lymphocytes

What is the primary purpose of the remodeling phase in wound healing?

• Formation of granulation tissue

• Removal of dead cells and debris

• Scar formation and tissue contraction

• Recruitment of inflammatory cells

A 45-year-old diabetic patient presents with a foot ulcer that has been slow to heal. Despite proper wound care, the ulcer persists. Which factor is most likely contributing to delayed wound healing in this patient?

• Impaired fibroblast function

• Reduced inflammatory response

• Excessive collagen synthesis

• Elevated levels of growth factors

A patient with a history of tuberculosis presents with caseating necrosis in the lung tissue bordered by an accumulation of macrophages and lymphocytes. What type of inflammation is described here?

• Granulomatous inflammation

• Subacute inflammation

• Nonspecific chronic inflammation

• Necrotic inflammation