Particles in Motion Lesson Check

The energy of motion is called

Water has been left in a pot on a hot stove. Bubbles form throughout the liquid and rise to the top. Which type of change is this?

• boiling

• evaporation

• density

• condensation

Temperature is a measure of ____of the particles in an object.

• the difference between the potential energy and kinetic energy

• the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy

• the average potential energy

• the average kinetic energy

When a substance is heated, the particles gain energy and move apart, increasing the volume. The mass of the substance being heated____.

• increases

• decreases

• stays the same

• varies unpredictably

When temperature increases, average _____ increases.

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

• gravitational potential energy

• chemical energy

Bars of different metals are all heated to 100°C to determine how their volume and length would be affected. Which statement describes the most likely outcome of this experiment?

• All of the volumes change and so do their lengths.

• All of the volumes change, but the lengths remain the same.

• The volumes and lengths do not change.

• All of the volumes change the same amount and the lengths remain constant.

A liquid thermometer works because liquid ____ when warmed.

• expands

• contracts

• solidifies

• condenses

Hot-air balloons typically fly in the early morning or late afternoon. Briefly explain why.

• The warm air is more dense, allowing the balloon to rise more easily.

• The cool air is less dense, allowing the balloon to rise more easily.

Most highway bridges are built with expansion joints that can move back and forth. What is the reason for this?

• The expansion joints allow the bridge to expand and contract with temperature changes without damaging the bridge.

• The expansion joints allow the bridge to only expand with temperature changes without damaging the bridge.

• The expansion joints allow the bridge to only contract with temperature changes without damaging the bridge.

What is diffusion?

• the ability to cause change

• anything that has mass and takes up space

• to come together with direct impact

• the movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration