AP Psychology Learning Flashcards Quiz

What is an example of classical conditioning?

• A bird chirping at the sight of a ball because it has been conditioned to associate the ball with a treat.

• A cat meowing at the sound of a whistle because it has been conditioned to associate the whistle with food.

• A fish swimming to the surface of the water at the sound of a horn because it has been conditioned to associate the horn with feeding time.

• A dog salivating at the sound of a bell because it has been conditioned to associate the bell with food.

Explain the process of extinction in classical conditioning.

• The conditioned response becomes stronger when the unconditioned stimulus is removed

• The conditioned response decreases and eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

• The conditioned response increases when the unconditioned stimulus is presented

• Extinction occurs when the conditioned stimulus is presented with the unconditioned stimulus

What is an example of operant conditioning?

• Eating a snack when feeling hungry

• Receiving a reward for completing homework

• Watching TV after finishing a project

• Punishing a child for not doing their chores

Describe the concept of reinforcement in operant conditioning.

• The process of increasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing a consequence that is rewarding or satisfying.

• The process of changing a behavior by providing a neutral consequence.

• The process of ignoring a behavior in order to decrease its likelihood of occurring.

• The process of decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing a consequence that is punishing or unsatisfying.

How does observational learning differ from classical and operant conditioning?

• Observational learning involves punishment for incorrect behaviors

• Observational learning is based on the concept of reinforcement

• Observational learning involves acquiring new behaviors and information through watching and imitating others.

• Observational learning does not involve any form of conditioning

Explain the role of social and cognitive factors in learning.

• Social and cognitive factors have no impact on learning

• Social and cognitive factors both influence learning

• Learning is only influenced by genetics

• Learning is solely dependent on the individual's motivation

Who are some key learning theorists and what are their contributions to the field?

• Sigmund Freud, known for his work in cognitive development

• Jean Piaget, known for his work in behaviorism

• Some key learning theorists include Ivan Pavlov, who is known for his work in classical conditioning, B.F. Skinner, who developed the theory of operant conditioning, and Albert Bandura, who introduced the concept of social learning theory.

• Erik Erikson, known for his work in social learning theory

What is the significance of behaviorism in the study of learning?

• It focuses on observable behaviors and their influence on learning.

• It focuses on internal mental processes and their influence on learning.

• It emphasizes the role of genetics in learning.

• It has no significance in the study of learning.

What is the role of punishment in operant conditioning?

• Punishment is used to increase the likelihood of a behavior.

• Punishment is used to decrease the likelihood of a behavior.

• Punishment has no role in operant conditioning.

• Punishment is used to reinforce a behavior.

How does the concept of 'modeling' contribute to social learning theory?

• Modeling is the process of learning by observing and imitating the behaviors of others.

• Modeling is the process of learning by trial and error.

• Modeling is the process of learning by direct instruction.

• Modeling has no contribution to social learning theory.