Chapter 4 - Pinholes to Pixels - Photography

Literally meaning "dark chamber," the device was an enclosed space with a pinhole opening (later a lens) on one side that projected an image of the scene outside onto a movable screen or wall, where it could be traced onto paper or canvas.

• Camera Lucida

• Calotype

• Camera Obscura

• Daguerreotype

A tracing aid consisting of a prism mounted on a stand that projects a scene at a right angle onto a piece of paper.

• Camera Phones

• Camera Lucida

• Camera Obscura

• Large Format Camera

The first widely available form of permanent photograph in which the image was recorded onto a silver plate. Each picture was a one of a kind - a direct positive image.

• photogram

• daguerreotype

• calotype

• camera obscura

Process in which a wet collodion emulsion was applied to a thin iron plate that had been painted with a black or brown enamel.

• calotype

• tintype

• ambrotype

• daguerreotype

A stencil-like photographic image created by placing opaque objects on treated paper that is then exposed to light.

• stereograph

• photogram

• photomontage

• calotype

Digital capture devices that can be attached to medium-format or large-format cameras, replacing the film back.

• shutter release

• ferrotype

• digital backs

• light meter

The chemical process of treating a developed photographic image to prevent further darkening of the silver by exposure to light.

• Fixing

• Rinsing

• Framing

• Modeling

A basic emulsion ingredient of the wet-plate process, consisting of cellulose nitrate dissolved in ether and alcohol. A halogen salt such as potassium iodide also is dissolved in the mixture.

• Calotype

• Daguerreotype

• Collodion

• Ambrotype

The first practical form of color photography, introduced in 1907. Fine grains of colored potato starch were applied to a plate, and then the plate was coated with an emulsion. After exposure and development, it produced a viewable color image.

• Cellulose Nitrate

• Polaroid Process

• Lumiere Brothers

• Autochrome Process

A photographic image that does not become visible until developing chemicals are used to bring it out and make it permanent.

• manifest image

• ghost print

• latent image

• chromogenic image