Govt: Final Review

John Locke's philosophy includes the belief that

• individuals are born with a duty to obey laws

• kings rule by divine right

• people are fundamentally unable to change the government

• the purpose of government is to protect the rights of its citizens

Answer explanation

John Locke's philosophy states that the purpose of government is to protect the rights of its citizens.

Identify the historical document that was the first to restrict a government's power.

• Magna Carta

• English Bill of Rights

• U.S. Constitution

• Declaration of Independence

Answer explanation

The historical document that was the first to restrict a government's power is the Magna Carta. It limited the authority of the English monarchy and established the principle that the king is not above the law.

Which man believed that man's unalienable rights were life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness?

• John Locke

• James Madison

• Thomas Jefferson

• George Mason

Answer explanation

Thomas Jefferson believed that man's unalienable rights were life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Montesquieu came up with which concept of government in his writings?

• Free elections

• Separation of powers

• All men are created equal

• Limited government

Answer explanation

Montesquieu introduced the concept of separation of powers in his writings, emphasizing the division of government into distinct branches.

What was the purpose of the Magna Carta?

• The nobility believed the king had too much power

• The nobility believed that the people should be less involved in politics, instead with the Church

• The nobility believed the king should be removed from power

• The nobility believed that the Catholic Church should have more involvement in politics

Answer explanation

The purpose of the Magna Carta was to address the nobility's concern about the king's excessive power.

In 1781, the initial government of the United States was established through which document?

• Articles of Confederation

• United States Constitution

• Mayflower Compact

• British Constitution

Answer explanation

The initial government of the United States was established through the Articles of Confederation, not the United States Constitution, Mayflower Compact, or British Constitution.

Which document, signed in 1215, aimed to limit the power of English monarchs?

• English Petition of Rights

• Declaration of Independence

• Articles of Confederation

• Magna Carta

Answer explanation

The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, aimed to limit the power of English monarchs.

What defines a representative democracy?

• Every citizen votes on laws

• Delegates are chosen to vote on laws

• Elected officials make laws

• Individual citizens make laws

Answer explanation

A representative democracy is defined by delegates being chosen to vote on laws, not every citizen voting or individual citizens making laws. Elected officials also play a role in making laws.

This concept of democracy was inspired by the Athenians.

• no

• indirect

• direct

• republican

Answer explanation

The concept of democracy inspired by the Athenians is direct, as it involves direct participation of citizens in decision-making.

In 1781, the initial government of the United States was established through which document?

• Articles of Confederation

• United States Constitution

• Mayflower Compact

• British Constitution

Answer explanation

The initial government of the United States was established through the Articles of Confederation, not the United States Constitution, Mayflower Compact, or British Constitution.