NAT Review (Physical Sciences 2)

What did Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate?

• The existence of electrons

• The existence of protons

• The existence of neutrons

• The presence of a nucleus in an atom

Who developed the modern periodic table of elements?

• J.J. Thomson

• Ernest Rutherford

• Niels Bohr

• Dmitri Mendeleev

Which of the following is responsible for the formation of elements heavier than iron?

• Supernova explosions

• Volcanic eruptions

• Solar flares

• Planetary collisions

How did scientists initially classify elements?

• By their atomic mass

• By their atomic number

• By their density

• By their color

What is the unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of energy in a photon?

• Joule

• Watt

• Hertz

• Electronvolt

What is the scientific term for the belief that the laws of physics apply universally?

• Cosmic laws

• Universal principles

• Quanta theory

• Universality principle

How do stars convert hydrogen into helium?

• Through nuclear fusion reactions

• Through photosynthesis

• Through chemical reactions

• Through radioactive decay

Which scientist proposed the planetary model of the atom?

• J.J. Thomson

• Ernest Rutherford

• Niels Bohr

• Dmitri Mendeleev

What is the process of oxidation in a chemical reaction?

• The removal of electrons from a substance.

• The addition of electrons to a substance.

• The combination of two substances to form a compound.

• The separation of atoms within a molecule.

According to Niels Bohr's model, where are electrons located in an atom?

• Randomly distributed in the atom

• Orbiting the nucleus in fixed energy levels

• Concentrated in the nucleus

• Spread evenly throughout the atom