Which logic deals with propositions and their relationships using logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT?

• Resolution

• First order logic

• Predicate logic

• Propositional logic

Which logic allows for the use of variables and quantifiers to represent relationships between objects?

• Propositional logic

• Predicate logic

• Resolution

• First order logic

What is the process of deriving new information from known information in first order logic?

• Clause form conversion

• Resolution

• Inference

• Chaining

Which concept involves a series of logical implications to reach a conclusion?

• Propositional logic

• Chaining

• Resolution

• Predicate logic

What is the name of the reasoning process that starts with known facts and works towards a goal?

• Utility theory

• Probabilistic reasoning

• Forward chaining

• Backward chaining

Which model is used to represent uncertain knowledge and make decisions under uncertainty?

• EM algorithm

• Reinforcement learning

• Naïve Bayes model

• Hidden Markov model

What is the name of the model that assumes independence between features when making predictions?

• Hidden Markov model

• Reinforcement learning

• Naïve Bayes model

• EM algorithm

What is the concept of learning when some of the data is not observed during the training process?

• Learning with hidden data

• Inference

• Naïve Bayes model

• Reinforcement learning

Which algorithm is used to estimate the parameters of a statistical model with hidden variables?

• Reinforcement learning

• EM algorithm

• Naïve Bayes model

• Learning with hidden data

What is the name of the learning process that involves taking actions to maximize rewards in a given environment?

• EM algorithm

• Reinforcement learning

• Learning with hidden data

• Naïve Bayes model