The Protestant Reformation

Gutenberg is known for which development in Europe?

• movable type

• the telescope

• the tower of Pisa

• the pendulum

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What was the first and most famous book Gutenberg printed?

• the Bible

• a sermon

• a biography

• a novel

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In Luther's time, what were indulgences?

• special prayers led by sinners on behalf of cardinals

• religious services that included music

• the removal or reduction of certain punishments for sin, linked to a particular act

• prayers that show regret for wrongdoing presented directly to a priest

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According to Martin Luther, how was salvation achieved?

• as a result of indulgences

• through saying Mass

• by order of the pope

• through God's forgiveness

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Luther's ideas about indulgences and other practices that he posted in Wittenberg were known as

• the Ninety-five Theses.

• the sacraments.

• the papal bull.

• the Diet of Worms.

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What name was given to the followers of Luther and others who disagreed with Rome?

• Jesuits

• Cardinals

• Protestants

• Catholics

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On which of the following ideas did Zwingli and Luther agree?

• Only the pope should interpret the word of God.

• There was no place for music in church services.

• The Bible was the source for all teaching about the word of God.

• Earth revolved around the sun.

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According to John Calvin, what is predestination?

• Only those chosen by God would be saved.

• Only people who prayed every day would be saved.

• Only people who were chosen by the clergy would be saved.

• Only people who did good works would be saved.

Ignatius of Loyola believed that

• people's destinies were already chosen for them by God.

• the pope should be obeyed without question.

• the Church did not require any kind of reform.

• Earth revolved around the sun.

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What was the Counter-Reformation?

• an attempt to destroy the new churches emerging from the Protestant Reformation

• the response of people such as Zwingli and Calvin to the teachings of Luther

• a movement within the Catholic Church to reform itself

• a court established within the Catholic Church to identify and punish heretics