Cognitive Approach 1 - Concepts

What was the method used in the early days of psychology to study the mind?

• Experimentation

• Observation

• Introspection

• Interpretation

Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?

• E.C. Tolman

• Sigmund Freud

• B.F. Skinner

• Wilhelm Wundt

What is the black box metaphor used to represent in the context of behaviourism?

• The unconscious mind

• The observable behaviour

• The irrationality of the mind

• The unobservable mind

What is the overarching model that gained popularity in cognitive psychology?

• The computer metaphor

• The brain metaphor

• The nature metaphor

• The animal metaphor

Who introduced the notion of cognitive biases in decision-making?

• Wilhelm Wundt

• E.C. Tolman

• B.F. Skinner

• Amos Tversky

What is the first principle underlying the cognitive approach to behaviour?

• Mental processes are random

• Mental processes can be studied scientifically

• Mental processes are deterministic

• Mental processes are subjective

According to the cognitive approach, what guides behaviour?

• Trial-and-error learning

• External stimuli

• Mental representations

• Unconscious desires

What is the focus of behavioural economics?

• Studying animal behaviour

• Studying irrational decision-making

• Studying conscious experiences

• Studying operant conditioning

What did E.C. Tolman's research on rats suggest about learning?

• Learning is purely trial-and-error

• Learning is based on mental representations

• Learning is deterministic

• Learning is unconscious

What is the main implication of the study of cognitive biases in decision-making?

• Irrationality is systematic and predictable

• Irrationality is a rare occurrence

• People always make rational decisions

• Cognitive biases have no impact on decision-making