Pre-Columbian Civilizations

Which of the following best describes the Maya civilization?

• It was composed of related families from which clan mothers chose members for the Grand Council

• It was composed of city-states that were ruled by a class of hereditary nobles

• It was founded in the Mississippi River valley and is responsible for the city of Cahokia

• It flourished in the Southwest and built multi-storied structures called pueblos

The Toltec were the first people in Mesoamerica to

• grow maize & peppers

• irrigate crops with canals

• construct temples & palaces

• work in gold, silver, & copper

Aztec society was made up of nobles, indentured workers, slaves, and commoners, and it was ruled by a monarch who

• met the wishes of a council of lords & government officials

• was all powerful & claimed to be a descended of the gods

• ruled with the consent of the people who elected him

• rose with hard work through the social orders

The Nazca culture is known for

• its large temples built at the foothills of the Andes Mountains

• preserving some elements of the Chavin culture

• its great war with & eventual destruction of the Moche

• creating its own unique style of agriculture

Which of the following best describes the Inca empire?

• small

• noncentralized

• democratic

• warlike

What were ALL Inca subjects responsible to do?

• several weeks of annual labor service

• election of each province governor

• service in the Inca army

• weaving of cloth and childcare

Though the Inca did not have a writing system, they kept records with

• knotted string

• carved ivory

• terraced farming

• trained runners

Using glyphs, the Maya were able to do which of the following? (Select ALL that apply)

• Record historic events

• Pass on stories from generation to generation

• Make calendars

• Keep a trade log

Conquered areas resented Aztec rule because the Aztecs

• forced conquered people to migrate (move)

• used conquered people as soldiers

• used conquered people for human sacrifice

• forced conquered people to change their agricultural methods

What are the 3 MAJOR Pre-Columbian Civilizations? (Most famous, largest, most profitable, etc.)

• Aztec, Inca, Maya

• Toltec, Inca, Nazca

• Nazca, Moche, Toltec

• Moltec, Noche, Azca