Earth Science Quiz

The diagram below represents geological processes that act continuously on Earth to form different rock types. Which table correctly classifies each rock type?

• Type of Rock 1: sedimentary, Type of Rock 2: metamorphic, Type of Rock 3: igneous

• Type of Rock 1: sedimentary, Type of Rock 2: igneous, Type of Rock 3: metamorphic

• Type of Rock 1: metamorphic, Type of Rock 2: igneous, Type of Rock 3: sedimentary

• Type of Rock 1: igneous, Type of Rock 2: metamorphic, Type of Rock 3: sedimentary

In which set are the rock drawings labeled with their correct rock types?

• Set A

• Set B

• Set C

• Set D

Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic based primarily on their _______.

• texture

• crystal or grain size

• method of formation

• mineral composition

Rocks can be classified as sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic based primarily upon differences in their _______.

• color

• density

• origin

• age

Which process is necessary for the formation of igneous rocks?

• erosion

• deposition

• solidification

• metamorphism

The diagram below indicates physical changes that accompany the conversion of shale to gneiss. Which geologic process is occurring to cause this conversion?

• sedimentary layering

• intrusion of magma

• metamorphism

• weathering

Which rock was subjected to intense heat and pressure but did not solidify from magma?

• sandstone

• schist

• gabbro

• rhyolite

Diagrams A and B represent magnified views of the arrangement of mineral crystals in a rock before and after being subjected to geologic processes. Which geologic processes are most likely responsible for the banding and alignment of mineral crystals represented in diagram B?

• A. melting and solidification

• B. heating and increasing pressure

• C. compaction and cementation

• D. weathering and erosion

The two photographs below and the arrow between them show conglomerate and the processes that changed the conglomerate to rock X. Rock X is most likely:

• breccia

• slate

• metaconglomerate

• vesicular basalt

Which medium-grain-sized metamorphic rock is composed mostly of the same mineral as the sedimentary rock limestone?

• gneiss

• marble

• quartzite

• schist