Be able to Explain the Piano Nobile

• In Renaissance architecture, the floor above the ground floor. The Piano Nobile contained new rooms that the Florentine elite adopted — the reception room, the drawing room, the dining room, and often times a library. This feature is an important innovation of the Renaissance that will become common well into the 21st century. • In modern Europe, it now called the 1st floor. • In the United States, it’s called the 2nd floor

Exaggerated or affected adherence to a particular style, in this case, the style is Classicism. Refer to the work of Michelangelo or Romano to see ‘exaggerated’ examples of classicism.

• In Renaissance architecture, the floor above the ground floor. The Piano Nobile contained new rooms that the Florentine elite adopted — the reception room, the drawing room, the dining room, and often times a library. This feature is an important innovation of the Renaissance that will become common well into the 21st century. • In modern Europe, it now called the 1st floor. • In the United States, it’s called the 2nd floor

Be able to Identify and/or Explain the Temple Front Motif:

The Temple Front Motif refers to the pedimented portico of the ancient Roman temple. (A pediment is triangular in form, usually supported by columns.) This motif can be used as a freestanding portico, as at the Pantheon, or as a portico by applying the orders directly to the façade, as Palladio did at the Villa Barbara

• In Renaissance architecture, the floor above the ground floor. The Piano Nobile contained new rooms that the Florentine elite adopted — the reception room, the drawing room, the dining room, and often times a library. This feature is an important innovation of the Renaissance that will become common well into the 21st century. • In modern Europe, it now called the 1st floor. • In the United States, it’s called the 2nd floor

Exaggerated or affected adherence to a particular style, in this case, the style is Classicism. Refer to the work of Michelangelo or Romano to see ‘exaggerated’ examples of classicism.

Be able to identify the Double Temple Front motif

San Giorgio Maggiore Venice, Italy 1566 Palladio

• In Renaissance architecture, the floor above the ground floor. The Piano Nobile contained new rooms that the Florentine elite adopted — the reception room, the drawing room, the dining room, and often times a library. This feature is an important innovation of the Renaissance that will become common well into the 21st century. • In modern Europe, it now called the 1st floor. • In the United States, it’s called the 2nd floor

Exaggerated or affected adherence to a particular style, in this case, the style is Classicism. Refer to the work of Michelangelo or Romano to see ‘exaggerated’ examples of classicism.

The Temple Front Motif refers to the pedimented portico of the ancient Roman temple. (A pediment is triangular in form, usually supported by columns.) This motif can be used as a freestanding portico, as at the Pantheon, or as a portico by applying the orders directly to the façade, as Palladio did at the Villa Barbara

Be able to Identify and/or Explain the Triumphal Arch Motif: The Tri

The Triumphal Arch Motif refers to the arches that Emperors Constantine and Titus erected to commemorate their conquests. It is a single arch in the case of Titus, and in the case of Constantine, it is a central arch flanked by two shorter arched openings.

Exaggerated or affected adherence to a particular style, in this case, the style is Classicism. Refer to the work of Michelangelo or Romano to see ‘exaggerated’ examples of classicism.

The Temple Front Motif refers to the pedimented portico of the ancient Roman temple. (A pediment is triangular in form, usually supported by columns.) This motif can be used as a freestanding portico, as at the Pantheon, or as a portico by applying the orders directly to the façade, as Palladio did at the Villa Barbara

San Giorgio Maggiore Venice, Italy 1566 Palladio

Be able to identify Sant’ Andrea Mantua as:

“A Temple Front Motif superimposed on the Triumphal Arch Motif” Sant’ Andrea Mantua, Italy 1462 Alberti

The Triumphal Arch Motif refers to the arches that Emperors Constantine and Titus erected to commemorate their conquests. It is a single arch in the case of Titus, and in the case of Constantine, it is a central arch flanked by two shorter arched openings.

The Temple Front Motif refers to the pedimented portico of the ancient Roman temple. (A pediment is triangular in form, usually supported by columns.) This motif can be used as a freestanding portico, as at the Pantheon, or as a portico by applying the orders directly to the façade, as Palladio did at the Villa Barbara

San Giorgio Maggiore Venice, Italy 1566 Palladio

Be able to Define the Palladian Motif, also known as a Serliana:

a central arched opening flanked by two narrow rectangular openings This drawing is an example of the Palladian motif at the Basilica at Vicenza 1550 Andrea Palladio

The Triumphal Arch Motif refers to the arches that Emperors Constantine and Titus erected to commemorate their conquests. It is a single arch in the case of Titus, and in the case of Constantine, it is a central arch flanked by two shorter arched openings.

“A Temple Front Motif superimposed on the Triumphal Arch Motif” Sant’ Andrea Mantua, Italy 1462 Alberti

San Giorgio Maggiore Venice, Italy 1566 Palladio

Be able to Explain Rustication as depicted in these two images

• Rustication is rough-surfaced masonry blocks with pronounced joints. • Rustication is Commonly used on the ground floor of buildings. • During the mannerist and neo-classical periods, rustication was used also on selected elements and motifs, for example, columns, door and window architraves, and arches. •Shown on left are 3 kinds of rustication: Be able to Identify the 3 kinds Rustication as depicted in these two images 1. Rough 2. Smooth3.Ashlar

“A Temple Front Motif superimposed on the Triumphal Arch Motif” Sant’ Andrea Mantua, Italy 1462 Alberti

a central arched opening flanked by two narrow rectangular openings This drawing is an example of the Palladian motif at the Basilica at Vicenza 1550 Andrea Palladio

San Giorgio Maggiore Venice, Italy 1566 Palladio

Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

Italy had been the heart of the Roman Empire • Italian merchants and bankers sponsored extensive scholarly activity recovered vital ancient works. • Italy’s city-states allowed art and new ideas to flourish. • Italy’s vast trading links encouraged cultural and material exchange. • The Catholic Church and the City State Merchants were extremely wealthy and were generous patrons of the arts

The first Renaissance Palazzo • Demonstrates the change in economic, political, and social changes that led to the Renaissance • Revived the ancient building type ofthe domus • Reintroduced the courtyard built of classical elements as a feature of Elite households • Introduced the Piano Nobile, the second floor with rooms for reception and entertainment • Had both Romanesque and Classical elements, for example Romanesque Bipartite windows and a Classical Cornice • Unlike the verticality of the domestic towers of the medieval elite, Palazzo Medici had a strong horizontal emphasis

Alberti uses the Triumphal Arch Motif for the entry facade and for the nave walls • Diagonal studies show Alberit used the square and golden section as compositional devices • Column diameter study shows the proper, proportional use of the Corinthian Order

1. Landings at the bottom and top of stairs are elliptical and give a sense of movement, 2. The treads are convex which also give a sense of movement 3. The ends of the treads terminate with scrolls, 4. These features contrast with the rectilinear and static outside steps 5. The scrolled buttresses that terminate at the head of the rectilinear stairs on either side are directional, indicating the left turn on the landing. 6. The large scrolled buttresses also give a movement

What is the significance of the Palazzo Medici?

The first Renaissance Palazzo • Demonstrates the change in economic, political, and social changes that led to the Renaissance • Revived the ancient building type ofthe domus • Reintroduced the courtyard built of classical elements as a feature of Elite households • Introduced the Piano Nobile, the second floor with rooms for reception and entertainment • Had both Romanesque and Classical elements, for example Romanesque Bipartite windows and a Classical Cornice • Unlike the verticality of the domestic towers of the medieval elite, Palazzo Medici had a strong horizontal emphasis

Italy had been the heart of the Roman Empire • Italian merchants and bankers sponsored extensive scholarly activity recovered vital ancient works. • Italy’s city-states allowed art and new ideas to flourish. • Italy’s vast trading links encouraged cultural and material exchange. • The Catholic Church and the City State Merchants were extremely wealthy and were generous patrons of the arts

Alberti uses the Triumphal Arch Motif for the entry facade and for the nave walls • Diagonal studies show Alberit used the square and golden section as compositional devices • Column diameter study shows the proper, proportional use of the Corinthian Order

1. Landings at the bottom and top of stairs are elliptical and give a sense of movement, 2. The treads are convex which also give a sense of movement 3. The ends of the treads terminate with scrolls, 4. These features contrast with the rectilinear and static outside steps 5. The scrolled buttresses that terminate at the head of the rectilinear stairs on either side are directional, indicating the left turn on the landing. 6. The large scrolled buttresses also give a movement

Analyze the facade of San Andrea Mantua.

Alberti uses the Triumphal Arch Motif for the entry facade and for the nave walls • Diagonal studies show Alberit used the square and golden section as compositional devices • Column diameter study shows the proper, proportional use of the Corinthian Order

Italy had been the heart of the Roman Empire • Italian merchants and bankers sponsored extensive scholarly activity recovered vital ancient works. • Italy’s city-states allowed art and new ideas to flourish. • Italy’s vast trading links encouraged cultural and material exchange. • The Catholic Church and the City State Merchants were extremely wealthy and were generous patrons of the arts

The first Renaissance Palazzo • Demonstrates the change in economic, political, and social changes that led to the Renaissance • Revived the ancient building type ofthe domus • Reintroduced the courtyard built of classical elements as a feature of Elite households • Introduced the Piano Nobile, the second floor with rooms for reception and entertainment • Had both Romanesque and Classical elements, for example Romanesque Bipartite windows and a Classical Cornice • Unlike the verticality of the domestic towers of the medieval elite, Palazzo Medici had a strong horizontal emphasis

1. Landings at the bottom and top of stairs are elliptical and give a sense of movement, 2. The treads are convex which also give a sense of movement 3. The ends of the treads terminate with scrolls, 4. These features contrast with the rectilinear and static outside steps 5. The scrolled buttresses that terminate at the head of the rectilinear stairs on either side are directional, indicating the left turn on the landing. 6. The large scrolled buttresses also give a movement

Analyze Michelangelo’s stairs at the Laurentian Library

1. Landings at the bottom and top of stairs are elliptical and give a sense of movement, 2. The treads are convex which also give a sense of movement 3. The ends of the treads terminate with scrolls, 4. These features contrast with the rectilinear and static outside steps 5. The scrolled buttresses that terminate at the head of the rectilinear stairs on either side are directional, indicating the left turn on the landing. 6. The large scrolled buttresses also give a movement

Italy had been the heart of the Roman Empire • Italian merchants and bankers sponsored extensive scholarly activity recovered vital ancient works. • Italy’s city-states allowed art and new ideas to flourish. • Italy’s vast trading links encouraged cultural and material exchange. • The Catholic Church and the City State Merchants were extremely wealthy and were generous patrons of the arts

The first Renaissance Palazzo • Demonstrates the change in economic, political, and social changes that led to the Renaissance • Revived the ancient building type ofthe domus • Reintroduced the courtyard built of classical elements as a feature of Elite households • Introduced the Piano Nobile, the second floor with rooms for reception and entertainment • Had both Romanesque and Classical elements, for example Romanesque Bipartite windows and a Classical Cornice • Unlike the verticality of the domestic towers of the medieval elite, Palazzo Medici had a strong horizontal emphasis

Alberti uses the Triumphal Arch Motif for the entry facade and for the nave walls • Diagonal studies show Alberit used the square and golden section as compositional devices • Column diameter study shows the proper, proportional use of the Corinthian Order

Describe the Veneto Farmhouse

U-Shaped court formed by arms of barchesse • 5-part facade • Attic story above Piano Nobile was designed to store grain • Barchesse stored: • All agricultural tools • All agricultural produce • All horses and cattle

Villa Rotunda has perfect geometries and proportions and is the architectural culmination of the idea of “Santa Agricoltura.” • It has perfect geometries in 2-D and 3-D — golden sections in plan, as well as volumes being golden sections • Plan is a circle within a square, in 3 dimensions, a domed cylinder within a cube • Circle and square recall the sacred symbolism of da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man • First full portico on a domestic building, linking the domestic to the sacred • Plan is divided into quadrants, each mirror images of adjacent quadrants

Alberti uses the Triumphal Arch Motif for the entry facade and for the nave walls • Diagonal studies show Alberit used the square and golden section as compositional devices • Column diameter study shows the proper, proportional use of the Corinthian Order

1. Landings at the bottom and top of stairs are elliptical and give a sense of movement, 2. The treads are convex which also give a sense of movement 3. The ends of the treads terminate with scrolls, 4. These features contrast with the rectilinear and static outside steps 5. The scrolled buttresses that terminate at the head of the rectilinear stairs on either side are directional, indicating the left turn on the landing. 6. The large scrolled buttresses also give a movement

Explain the Villa Rotunda and Santa Agriculture

Villa Rotunda has perfect geometries and proportions and is the architectural culmination of the idea of “Santa Agricoltura.” • It has perfect geometries in 2-D and 3-D — golden sections in plan, as well as volumes being golden sections • Plan is a circle within a square, in 3 dimensions, a domed cylinder within a cube • Circle and square recall the sacred symbolism of da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man • First full portico on a domestic building, linking the domestic to the sacred • Plan is divided into quadrants, each mirror images of adjacent quadrants

U-Shaped court formed by arms of barchesse • 5-part facade • Attic story above Piano Nobile was designed to store grain • Barchesse stored: • All agricultural tools • All agricultural produce • All horses and cattle

Alberti uses the Triumphal Arch Motif for the entry facade and for the nave walls • Diagonal studies show Alberit used the square and golden section as compositional devices • Column diameter study shows the proper, proportional use of the Corinthian Order

1. Landings at the bottom and top of stairs are elliptical and give a sense of movement, 2. The treads are convex which also give a sense of movement 3. The ends of the treads terminate with scrolls, 4. These features contrast with the rectilinear and static outside steps 5. The scrolled buttresses that terminate at the head of the rectilinear stairs on either side are directional, indicating the left turn on the landing. 6. The large scrolled buttresses also give a movement

ARCH 2315 Exam 1 Review

Authored by Anthony Aguilera

History

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Florence Cathedral (Duomo), Florence 1420

Fillippo Brunelleschi

San Lorenzo, nave Florence 1421 Brunelleschi

Pazzi Chapel, interior Florence 1441 Brunellleschi

Pazzi Chapel, exterior Florence 1441 Brunelleschi

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Florence Cathedral (Duomo), Florence 1420

Fillippo Brunelleschi

San Lorenzo, nave Florence 1421 Brunelleschi

Pazzi Chapel, interior Florence 1441 Brunellleschi

Pazzi Chapel, exterior Florence 1441 Brunelleschi

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Florence Cathedral (Duomo), Florence 1420

Fillippo Brunelleschi

San Lorenzo, nave Florence 1421 Brunelleschi

Pazzi Chapel, interior Florence 1441 Brunellleschi

Pazzi Chapel, exterior Florence 1441 Brunelleschi

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Florence Cathedral (Duomo), Florence 1420

Fillippo Brunelleschi

San Lorenzo, nave Florence 1421 Brunelleschi

Pazzi Chapel, interior Florence 1441 Brunellleschi

Pazzi Chapel, exterior Florence 1441 Brunelleschi

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Plan for St. Peter’s

1505

Rome

Bramante

Plan for St. Peter’s

1546

Rome

Michaelangelo

Plan for St. Peter’s

1607

Rome

Carlo Maderno

Palazzo Medici Florence

1444

Bartolomeo

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Plan for St. Peter’s

1505

Rome

Bramante

Plan for St. Peter’s

1546

Rome

Michaelangelo

Plan for St. Peter’s

1607

Rome

Carlo Maderno

Palazzo Medici Florence

1444

Bartolomeo

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Plan for St. Peter’s

1505

Rome

Bramante

Plan for St. Peter’s

1546

Rome

Michaelangelo

Plan for St. Peter’s

1607

Rome

Carlo Maderno

Palazzo Medici Florence

1444

Bartolomeo

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