Benzene

1,3-dinitrobenzene can be prepared by heating nitrobenzene with a mixture of fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid. The reaction can be represented by the following equation. If the yield of the reaction is 55%, the mass of 1,3-dinitrobenzene produced from 12.30 g of nitrobenzene is ...

• 16.90 g

• 16.80 g

• 9.30 g

• 9.24 g

The relative molecular mass (M_r) of benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid is?

• 164

• 166

• 168

• 170

Use your understanding of the bonding in benzene to identify the compound that has the most exothermic enthalpy of hydrogenation.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Ethanoyl chloride reacts with methylbenzene forming compound X according to the equation below. If the experimental yield is 40.0%, the mass in grams of X (M_r = 134.0) formed from 18.4 g of methylbenzene (M_r = 92.0) is ...

• 26.8

• 16.1

• 10.7

• 7.4

The nitration of benzene uses a nitrating mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid.

HNO₃ + 2H₂SO₄ → NO₂⁺ + H₃O⁺ + 2HSO₄^–

Which statement is correct?

• HNO₃ acts as a base.

• HNO₃ acts as a catalyst.

• HNO₃ acts as an electrophile.

• HNO₃ acts as a reducing agent.

Which one of the following can react both by nucleophilic addition and by nucleophilic substitution?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which one of the following does not contain any delocalised electrons?

• poly(propene)

• benzene

• graphite

• sodium

Who discovered benzene?

• August Kekulé

• Michael Faraday

• Kathleen Lonsdale

• Dmitri Mendeleev

The empirical formula of benzene is

• CH

• C₂H₄

• C₆H₆

• C₆H₁₂

How many electrons are there in the delocalised pi electron system in benzene?

• 3

• 6

• 9

• 12