The ________________ were characterized by their use of gunpowder technology to expand their territories and influence in the early modern period

The invention of the ________________ by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionized the spread of information and literacy in Europe.

• Known as Ivan the Terrible, ________________ was the first Tsar of Russia and is remembered for his centralization of power and ruthless rule.

The ________________ was a Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644 and is known for its cultural and economic prosperity.

The ________________ was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912, and is noted for its expansion and consolidation of Chinese territory.

Emperor ________________ was a long-reigning Qing ruler known for his efforts in consolidating the empire and promoting arts and sciences.

• ________________ was a Qing emperor known for his military conquests and efforts to preserve traditional Chinese culture.

________________ was a Central Asian conqueror whose empire extended across much of the Middle East and Central Asia in the late 14th century.

The ________________ refers to the concept of a warrior for Islam, which was used to inspire and justify Ottoman military conquests.

The ________________ was a major Islamic empire that controlled vast territories in the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeastern Europe from the 14th to the early 20th century.