Enlightenment Vocab

What was the Magna Carta?

• A document that set out specific liberties that the King is prohibited from infringing

• The royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215

• A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War

• The document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress

What was the main purpose of the First Continental Congress?

• To start a revolution against British rule

• To discuss problems with Britain and promote independence

• To send delegates to revise the Articles of Confederation

• To oppose the Coercive Acts and begin negotiations with Britain

Who wrote "The Social Contract," arguing that society threatened natural rights and freedoms?

• John Locke

• Mary Astell

• Voltaire

• Rousseau

What event is described by Shay's Rebellion?

• A protest against British taxes in which colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped tea into Boston Harbor

• A rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes

• The revolution that began in 1789, overthrowing the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons

• The first bloodshed of the American Revolution when British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd

What did Mary Astell argue for in her "Serious Proposal to the Ladies"?

• That women should have the same rights as men

• That women were to be better educated

• That women should participate in salons

• That women should overthrow aristocratic privileges

Which philosopher is known for attacking injustice and intolerance and believed in freedom of speech?

• John Locke

• Mary Astell

• Voltaire

• Rousseau

Who is considered the father of Capitalism and wrote "On the Wealth of Nations"?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Adam Smith

• Montesquieu

What is the title of the book written by John Locke that discussed natural rights and the concept of government by consent?

• The Social Contract

• Two Treatises on Government

• On the Wealth of Nations

• The Spirit of the Laws

Which political philosopher advocated for the separation of executive and legislative powers?

• Adam Smith

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

What is the main idea described in Adam Smith's "On the Wealth of Nations"?

• The advocacy of absolute sovereignty

• The separation of powers in government

• The concept of free trade, also known as laissez-faire economics

• The agreement between people and their government signifying consent to be governed