Independence for South America

What was the main reason South American colonists became unhappy with Spanish rule?

• They were inspired by the American and French revolutions

• They were forced to pay high taxes to Spain

• They wanted to establish a monarchy

• They were unhappy with the trade restrictions imposed by Spain

Which country declared independence in 1811 and was freed from Spanish control over the next 13 years by Bolívar?

• Argentina

• Brazil

• Venezuela

• Chile

Who declared himself Emperor Pedro I of an independent Brazil?

• The son of the French Emperor

• The son of the Portuguese king

• The son of the Spanish king

• Bolívar

After independence, what type of rulers often held power in South America?

• Democratic leaders

• Wealthy landowners and dictators

• Foreign monarchs

• Elected presidents

What was the main source of revenue for Brazil in the late 1800s?

• Rubber exports

• Coffee exports

• Sugar exports

• Gold mining

What significant change occurred in Brazil a year after slavery was ended?

• Brazil became a republic

• Brazil declared independence from Portugal

• Brazil established a constitutional monarchy

• Brazil joined the United Nations

Which two countries in southern South America were mentioned as trying to give land owned by the wealthy to common people?

• Brazil and Argentina

• Argentina and Chile

• Chile and Venezuela

• Venezuela and Colombia

Who came to power in Venezuela in 1998?

• Nicolás Maduro

• Hugo Chávez

• An elected leader

• A military government

What did the government in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile do in the 1980s to change the political landscape?

• Military governments took control

• Dictators led the countries

• Elected leaders took office and reduced their role in the economy

• Increased government debt

What was one of the problems that Nicolás Maduro faced after he became president?

• Rising government debt

• A shift to more democracy

• Falling oil prices forced cuts in social programs

• Military governments took control