Unit III - Classical Greece - The Battle of Marathon

Who was the Persian King who wanted to conquer Athens and Greece?

• Artaxerxes

• Cyrus

• Xerxes

• Darius

What was the mission of the 30,000 Persian invaders at the Battle of Marathon?

• To establish a trade route

• To capture Athens and conquer Greece

• To conquer Persia

• To capture Sparta

What type of government did Athens have 20 years before the Battle of Marathon?

• Monarchy

• Democracy

• Oligarchy

• Dictatorship

What did the Greeks throw at the Persian convoys demanding gifts of earth and water?

• Rocks

• Flowers

• Coins

• Criminals

Who was the Persian commander who stayed at Marathon with a holding force while Datis sailed to attack Athens?

• Darius

• Artaphernes

• Hippias

• Xerxes

What was the traditional formation of the Greek army called?

• Legion

• Phalanx

• Tactics

• Squadron

What was the primary weapon of the Greek hoplites?

• Axe

• Sword

• Spear

• Bow

What did Miltiades do differently with the Greek army's formation at the Battle of Marathon?

• Divided the army into small groups

• Thinned the center and strengthened the wings

• Formed a circular phalanx

• Thickened the center and weakened the wings

What was the primary reason for the Greeks to run towards the Persian army at the start of the battle?

• To tire out the Persians

• To surprise the Persians

• To show their bravery

• To avoid the Persian archers

What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon?

• Truce

• Stalemate

• Greek victory

• Persian victory