3E Biological Molecules recap (carbohydrates)

Carbohydrates are made up of the elements:

• carbon

• nitrogen

• hydrogen

• oxygen

• calcium

Hydrogen and oxygen are present in the ratio _______

• 2:1

• 1:2

• 1:1

Which of these molecules are single sugars?

• Glucose

• Maltose

• Fructose

• Starch

• Glycogen

Which of these molecules are double sugars?

• Sucrose

• Maltose

• Fructose

• Starch

• Glycogen

Which of these molecules are complex carbohydrates?

• Sucrose

• Maltose

• Cellulose

• Starch

• Glycogen

Single sugars are the basic unit of carbohydrates and can pass through cell membranes.

• True

• False

Maltose = ​ (a)   + ​ (b)  
Sucrose = ​ (c)   + ​ (d)  

• glucose
• fructose

Starch is the storage form of carbohydrates in (a)  
Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in ​ (b)  

• plants
• animals

What are some functions of carbohydrates?

• Substrate for respiration to provide energy for cell activities

• Form supporting structures

• Can be converted into amino acids and fats

• Formation of nucleic acids (DNA)

• Used to make nectar in flowers