Types of research and quantitative analysis

Which of the following scales of measurement allows for ranking of data but does not have a true zero point?

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

In a positively skewed distribution, which measure of central tendency is typically greater than the median?

• Mean

• Median

• Mode

• Standard Deviation

Which of the following parametric tests is used to compare means of two independent groups?

• paired t-test

• independent t-test

• anova

• mann-whitney

Which non-parametric test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between three or more independent groups?

• Mann-Whitney U test

• Kruskal-Wallis test

• Wilcoxon signed-rank test

• T-test

In hypothesis testing, what is the null hypothesis usually denoted by?

• H1

• H2

• H0

• α

What statistical technique is commonly used to assess the fit of a structural equation model?

• Regression analysis

• Factor analysis

• Path analysis

• Goodness-of-fit indices

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?

• +0.20

• -0.50

• +0.75

• -0.90

Quasi-experimental research differs from experimental research primarily in which aspect?

• Random assignment of participants

• Control over extraneous variables

• Manipulation of the independent variable

• Use of control groups

In experimental research, what is the variable that the researcher manipulates called?

• Dependent variable

• Extraneous variable

• Independent variable

• Control variable

Which scale of measurement categorizes data without any numerical significance?

• Interval

• Ratio

• Ordinal

• Nominal