Amplify Unit 7 Geology

The study of the makeup of the earth and the processes that change and shape it is called _______.

• archaeology

• geology

• ecology

• geography

Which statement best explains the theory of plate tectonics?

• Earth’s tectonic plates have been slowly moving and interacting for billions of years.

• Earth’s tectonic plates are far apart and are fixed in place.

• Earth’s tectonic plates are far apart but are slowly moving closer to one another.

• Earth’s tectonic plates fit tightly together and are fixed in place.

Volcano myths often explain volcanic activity by ________.

• describing how gods and goddesses cause volcano-related occurrences

• providing scientific evidence showing how volcano-related events occur

• telling how occurrences above Earth's surface cause volcanic activity

• telling how occurrences below Earth's surface cause volcanic activity

Which of the statements best explains the relationship between earthquakes and faults?

• Earthquakes cause faults to form along plate boundaries.

• Faults are cracks in Earth’s crust that form when earthquakes occur.

• Faults and earthquakes are two words to describe the same geological process.

• Earthquakes begin with huge blocks of rock moving along faults.

Which of the following word pairs completes the statements? Seafloor spreading is the process of oceanic plates moving apart very slowly. When the seafloor dips down as one tectonic plate slides under another, a narrow, extremely deep valley called a(n) ________ is created. When oceanic plates move away from one another and form cracks in Earth’s crust, an underwater mountain called a(n) ________ is created.

• geyser; hotspot

• hotspot; geyser

• ocean trench; mid-ocean ridge

• mid-ocean ridge; ocean trench

Moving apart, colliding, and sliding sideways past one another are three ways in which ________ move.

• continents

• tectonic plates

• faults

• mid-ocean ridges

Scientists observed that ________, which provided evidence of changes over time on Earth’s surface.

• land never moved or changed

• the same types of rocks and fossils were found in different places

• the climate of Antarctica was extremely cold

• animals that once lived on land later lived under water

Which of the following do geysers, volcanoes, and hot springs have in common?

• They form along faults.

• Scientists know when they will erupt.

• They form both along plate boundaries and above hotspots.

• They only form along plate boundaries.

What is geology?

• the study of relationships between living things and their environment

• the study of the makeup of the earth and the processes that change and shape it

• the study of the characteristics of the earth’s surface

• the study of past human life and activities by examining bones, tools, and other objects left behind

The theory of plate tectonics states that ________.

• Earth’s continents were once all joined together as one supercontinent

• Earth’s continents stay still and do not move

• Earth’s crust, mantle, and core all form tectonic plates that change very slowly

• Earth’s crust and part of the mantle are broken up into sections that slowly move