Ap Psychology Unit.3

Organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground).

• Figure-ground perception

• closure

• Linear Perspective

• Bottom-up Processing

the brain sees the big picture even when an element of that picture may be missing.

• Proximity

• Closure

• Similarity

• Connectedness

our brains tend to see objects as continuous or smooth rather than disjointed or discontinuous.

• Continuity

• Proximity

• Similarity

• Closure

objects that are close together are more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same group

• Closure

• Proximity

• Continuity

• Similarity

Parallel lines like railroad tracks, appear to converge with distance. The more the lines converge, the greater their perceived distance.

• Depth Perception

• Figure-ground perception

• Linear perspective

• Retinal Disparity

Information processing guided by high level mental processes as we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations.

• Absolute Threshold

• Top-down processing

• Bottom-up Processing

• Retinal Disparity

Analysis of the stimulus begins with the sense receptors and works up to the level of the brain and mind.

• Absolute Threshold

• Top-down processing

• Bottom-up Processing

• Retinal Disparity

Depth perception enables us to judge distances. Gibson and Walk (1960) suggested that human infants (crawling age) have depth perception. Even newborn animals show depth perception.

• Absolute Threshold

• Depth Perception

• Retinal Disparity

• Linear perspective

 Images from the two eyes differ…the greater the difference between the two objects, the closer the object

• Linear perspective

• Depth Perception

• Absolute Threshold

• Retinal Disparity

Minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time.

• Depth Perception

• Absolute Threshold

• Retinal Disparity

• Linear perspective