Bacterial Infections

What are the routes of bacterial infection?

• B) Cardiovascular tract

• D) Nervous system

• A) Respiratory tract

• C) Musculoskeletal tract

Which immune response is activated against extracellular bacteria?

• A) Cell-mediated immune response

• B) Humoral immune response

• C) Inflammatory response

• D) Autoimmune response

What is the role of antibodies in the immune response to bacteria?

• D) Remove bacteria and inactivate bacterial toxins

• C) Promote bacterial growth

• B) Activate complement system

• A) Inhibit phagocytosis

What is the function of C3a and C5a in the immune response to bacteria?

• C) Induce local mast cell degranulation

• B) Inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis

• D) Inhibit macrophage activation

• A) Inhibit mast cell degranulation

How do bacteria evade host defense mechanisms?

• A) By promoting host defense mechanisms

• D) By avoiding proliferation

• B) By inhibiting attachment to host cells

• C) By overcoming some of the host defense mechanisms

What can cause symptoms of bacterial septic shock and toxic shock syndrome?

• B) Overproduction of cytokines

• D) Activation of complement system

• A) Overproduction of antibodies

• C) Inhibition of immune response

How can bacteria cause chronic tissue destruction?

• A) By promoting tissue repair

• B) By inducing apoptosis

• C) By activating CD8+ T cells

• D) By surviving intracellularly and activating CD4+ T cells

What is the causative agent of diphtheria?

• A) Corynebacterium diphtheriae

• B) Streptococcus pneumoniae

• C) Escherichia coli

• D) Staphylococcus aureus

How is diphtheria toxin neutralized in the body?

• A) By inhibiting toxin production

• D) By promoting bacterial growth

• B) By activating complement system

• C) By inducing antibody production

What is the most common infection site of tuberculosis?

• B) Genitourinary tract

• D) Cardiovascular system

• A) Gastrointestinal tract

• C) Respiratory tract