Bio 1.1, 4.2.1 Assessment Review

Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starches. What substance would humans have difficulty digesting without this enzyme?

• Lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• carbohydrates

2. Which organic molecule is paired with its basic building block?

• A. carbohydrate : amino acids

• B. nucleic acid : nucleotides

• C. lipid : monosaccharides

• D. protein : fatty acids

3. Which organic molecules supply energy to cells?

• A. carbohydrates and nucleic acids

• B. proteins and nucleic acids

• C. lipids and carbohydrates

• D. lipids and nucleic acids

4. Why are proteins among the most diverse molecules?

• A. They create nucleic acids.

• B. They form muscle in animals.

• C. Amino acids can link up in different combinations.

• D. Amino acids are made up of more than 20 different proteins.

Which best explains why the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

• A. The activation energy increases.

• B. The shape of the enzyme changes.

• C. The enzyme-substrate complex forms.

• D. The bonds between substrates are broken.

Why is the “lock and key” analogy often used to describe enzyme function?

• A. Each enzyme is the same as its substrate.

• B. Each enzyme will fit with only one specific kind of substrate.

• Each enzyme can only be used once in a reaction and cannot be used again.

• Each enzyme has its own active site that will not fit with other active sites

A scientist is using an enzyme to get a chemical reaction to occur within a cell sample and observes that the reaction occurs best when the pH is lowered to 6.2. What does this experiment most likely demonstrate?

• A. enzyme specificity

• B. enzymes are reusable

• C. pH affects enzyme function

• D. enzymes lower activation energy

Which statement best describes the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• A. Photosynthesis is an ENERGY-STORING process because it produces glucose, and respiration is an ENERGY-RELEASING process because it produces ATP.

• Photosynthesis is an ENERGY-RELEASING process because it produces glucose, and respiration is an ENERGY-STORING process because it produces ATP.

• Photosynthesis is an ENERGY-STORING process because it produces ATP and oxygen, and respiration is an ENERGY-RELEASING process because it produces carbon dioxide and water.

• Photosynthesis is an ENERGY-RELEASING process because it produces ATP and oxygen, and respiration is an ENERGY-STORING process because it produces carbon dioxide and water.

10. Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration?

• A. carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water

• B. carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

• C. glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

• D. oxygen + water → carbon dioxide + glucose

A student noticed that the freshwater plant, Elodea, produced bubbles when placed in direct light. What could the student most likely conclude?

• Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of photosynthesis.

• B. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of photosynthesis.

• Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of cellular respiration.

• D. Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of cellular respiration.