Enlightenment Ideas and Philosophers Check

Name for the Intellectual movement in Europe that stressed reason, thought and the power of the individual to solve problems which creates a challenge to existing traditions & governments; also known as the Age of Reason

• Scientific Revolution

• Enlightenment

• Renaissance

• Christian Humanism

One fundamental Enlightenment idea/principle that outlines the basic rights that each person is born with. 

• Consent of the Governed

• Natural Rights

• Social Contract

One fundamental Enlightenment idea/principle that examines the relationship between government and society; usually agrees that individuals agree to give up some of their freedom or rights and obey a government in exchange for protection of their remaining rights

• Consent of the Governed

• Natural Rights

• Social Contract

One fundamental Enlightenment idea/principle  that contradicts Divine Right; citizens agree to be led by the government in the area that they live, and may even have an active role in government. 

• Consent of the Governed

• Natural Rights

• Social Contract

Idea posed by an Enlightenment thinker that government should act on laws that are in the best interest of society as a whole (or at least for the majority). 

• General WIll

• Representative Democracy

• Seperation of Powers

• Checks and Balances

The name of the form of government where all citizens are directly involved in making laws and running the government (Jean Jacques Rousseau supported this form of democracy) 

• Absolute Monarchy

• Direct Democracy

• Dictatorship

• Representative Democracy

The name of the form of government where citizens vote for a small number of people to represent the public in making laws and running the government. (from the G. Doc on 2.23) 

• Absolute Monarchy

• Direct Democracy

• Dictatorship

• Representative Democracy

Idea posed by an enlightenment thinker that  government should be divided into parts (or branches) and each part or branch had its own purpose/role. 

• General Will

• Centralization of Power

• Direct Voting

• Seperation of Powers

Idea posed by an enlightenment thinker that each part or branch of a government have equal power to limit each other to ensure that one part or branch does not become too powerful.

• Social Contract

• General Will

• Checks and Balances

• Inalienable Rights

Enlightenment thinker/philosopher who believed in the Checks and Balances system with Separation of Powers within Government; Favored Constitutional Monarchy of England.

• Locke

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Voltaire