Biochem exam 2

Energy in pyruvate can be extracted aerobically by:

• Oxidative reactions in citric acid cycle

• Oxidative Phosphorylation

• reduction to lactate

• reduction to ethanol

Energy in pyruvate can be extracted anaerobically by:

• Oxidative reactions in citric acid cycle

• Oxidative Phosphorylation

• reduction to lactate

• reduction to ethanol

Phosphorylated intermediate importance

• prevent glycolytic intermediates from leaving cell

• essential components of enzymatic conservation of metabolic energy

• lower activation energy

• increase enzyme specificity

AMP _____ PFK-1

• Activates

• Inhibits

ATP _____ PFK-1

• Inhibits

• Activates

Pyruvate is _____ to lactate in anaerobic conditions

• reduced

• oxidized

Pyruvate is _____ to acetyl-CoA and CO2 by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

• reduced

• oxidized

First committed step in glycolytic pathway

• Fructose-6-Phosphate to F-1,6-Biphosphate

• Glucose to glucose-6-phosphate

• G3P to 1,3-Biphosphoglycerate

• 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate

This molecule can be sent out to pentose phosphate pathway

• fructose-6-phosphate

• glucose-6-phosphate

• 2-phosphoglycerate

• Fructose-1,6-biphosphate

This ratio determines ig G6P will enter glycolysis or pentose phosphate pathway

• NADH/NAD+

• FADH2/FAD+

• NADPH/NADP+