Ecology Test Review

Only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. What is the other 90% lost to the environment as?

• water

• heat

• nutrients

• food sources

Which of the following answer choices best matches the symbiotic relationships with the correct definition?

A - a relationship where both organisms benefit

B - a relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed

C- a relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

D- a relationship where two species are competing for resources such as food

• A- mutualism

  B- commensalism

  C- competition

  D- parasitism

• A- mutualism

  B- parasitism

  C- commensalism

  D- competition

• A- competition

  B- commensalism

  C- parasitism

  D- mutualism

• A- commensalism

  B- mutualism

  C- competition

  D- parasitism

A food web is shown below. Which energy pyramid best models the amount of energy available at each trophic level?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which of the following statements is true about ecological succession?

• Primary succession and secondary succession starts with soil.

• Primary succession starts with soil.

  Secondary succession starts with bare rock.

• Primary succession starts with bare rock.

  Secondary succession starts with soil.

• Primary succession and secondary succession starts with bare rock.

In an environment, herbivores provide 7,200 kJ of energy. How much energy will the secondary consumers provide?

• 72,000 kJ

• 720 kJ

• 72 kJ

• 7.2 kJ

Place the stages of primary succession in the correct order.

• A, B, C, D

• D, A, B, C

• D, B, C, A

• D, C, B, A

Based on the food web below, which organism are a direct source of energy (food) for tertiary consumers?

• grasses, rabbit, bird

• grasshopper, mouse, rabbit

• bird, frog

• snake, hawk, fox

My neighbors are always pulling the weeds out of their flower beds the first chance they get. The different weeds never get a chance to grow.

What effect does pulling the weeds have on the flower beds ecology?

• Pulling the weeds INCREASES the biodiversity of the flower beds.

• Pulling the weeds INCREASES the number of organisms in the flower beds.

• Pulling the weeds DECREASES the biodiversity of the flower beds.

• Pulling the weeds does not change the ecology of the flower beds.

An aquatic food web is shown below. An invasive species moved in and began to eat all of the krill, eventually eliminating (starving) them from the ecosystem.

Which statement is true?

• The invasive species took over and resulted in lower biodiversity.

• The ecosystem was not affected by the invasive species.

• The invasive species took over and resulted in increased biodiversity.

• The original organisms in the ecosystem moved to a different ecosystem.

Which of the following descriptions describes the beginning stage of primary succession.

• A farmland with lots of tall grasses

• A muddy lake with many different kinds of fish, plants, and insects living in it

• A land that is bare rock

• A forest that has just been destroyed by a forest fire