what are 3 subunits of the PNS

somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system, and enteric nervous system

what two components of the somatic nervous system

Sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) division (skeletal muscle)

Voluntary and involuntary division

Autonomic and sympathetic division

Central and peripheral division

what are two components of the autonomic nervous system

Sensory Motor (smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands)

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system

Somatic nervous system and enteric nervous system

what can the autonomic nervous system be broken down to

central and peripheral nervous systems

somatic and autonomic nervous systems

voluntary and involuntary nervous systems

when the body is sympathetic what is going on?

The body is in a 'fight or flight' response.

The body is in a state of deep relaxation

The body is in a state of deep sleep

The body is in a state of complete stillness

when the body is parasympathetic what is going on?

The body is in a relaxed state, conserving energy and promoting digestion.

The body is in a state of high alert, ready for fight or flight

The body is in a state of deep sleep, with minimal brain activity

The body is in a state of intense physical activity, burning a lot of energy

The nuclei is a type of fruit found in tropical regions

The nuclei is a type of musical instrument

The nuclei is the central part of a cell that contains the genetic material.

A term used in computer networking

A traditional dance from South America

A type of fruit found in tropical regions

what are the 2 main cells of the nervous system

red blood cells and white blood cells

what are the two components of a neuron cell body

mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum

what are the 4 components of a neuron axon

axon hillock, axon collateral, axon terminals, synaptic end bulbs

neurotransmitters, synaptic cleft, soma, dendrites

cell body, dendrites, neurotransmitters, glial cells

dendrites, synapse, soma, nucleus

between what two structures is there the greatest chance for an action potential to occur

axon hillock and initial segment of the axon

axon terminal and synaptic cleft

what are the structural classifications of a neuron

Multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar

what are the functional classifications of neuron

Sensory (afferent), motor (efferent), and association (interneuron)

Visual neurons, auditory neurons, and olfactory neurons

Central neurons, peripheral neurons, and autonomic neurons

Excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, and modulatory neurons

what are the neuroglia of the CNS

keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, and adipocytes

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells

what are astrocytes associated with

Storing and releasing neurotransmitters in the brain

Regulating blood pressure in the circulatory system

Producing insulin in the pancreas

what are oligodendrocytes associated with

Hemoglobin production in the bone marrow

Adrenaline production in the adrenal glands

Insulin production in the pancreas

What are the states of a Na+ voltage-gated channel?

activated, deactivated, resting

what does it mean when an action potential is all or nothing?

It reaches threshold and is the same size and amplitude or it doesn't meet threshold and it dies out

It means that the action potential will always be of different magnitudes

It means that the action potential will occur only if the stimulus is weak

It means that the action potential will occur continuously without any threshold

What are the basic steps of an action potential

Impulse (action potential) Depolarization Repolarization Hyperpolarization

Activation, Inhibition, Excitation, Desensitization

Initiation, Termination, Amplification, Attenuation

Contraction, Relaxation, Extension, Flexion

What is the myelin sheath?

Multi-layered lipid/protein sheath that insulates axons

What is the purpose of the myelin sheath?

increase speed of nerve impulse conduction

The purpose of the myelin sheath is to regulate body temperature.

The purpose of the myelin sheath is to produce hormones for the nervous system.

The purpose of the myelin sheath is to store nutrients for the nerve cells.

When are the Na+ channels inactivated?

Right before and right after the peak

Only in the presence of calcium ions.

At rest, before the action potential begins.

During the repolarization phase of the action potential.

What is multiple sclerosis?

Myelin sheath is deteriorating in the CNS

Multiple sclerosis is a type of skin condition

Multiple sclerosis is caused by a bacterial infection

Multiple sclerosis is a form of cancer

What are the four types of ion channels?

voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels, mechanically-gated ion channels, and leak channels

A&P CHPT 12

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A&P CHPT 12

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Peripheral and somatic nervous system

Central and autonomic nervous system

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