Which of the following includes ALL the ways quantum numbers describe electrons in an atom?

• distance from the nucleus, shape, and energy

• distance from the nucleus, shape, orientation, and spin

• shape, orientation, and energy

• energy, size, and spin

The principal quantum number (n) primarily determines:

• the shape of the orbital

• the orientation of the orbital

• the energy level of the electron

• the spin of the electron

An electron with n = 3 is compared to an electron with n = 1. The electron with n = 3 will, on average, be:

• closer to the nucleus

• farther from the nucleus and have a larger orbital

• in the same energy level

• impossible to determine

Which of the following statements about the azimuthal quantum number (𝓁) is TRUE?

• It defines the size of the orbital.

• It can have any positive integer value.

• It determines the number of electrons an orbital can hold.

• It describes the shape of the orbital, but not the energy level.

Which orbital can hold the most electrons?

• s orbital

• p orbital

• d orbital

• f orbital

What is the range of possible values for the magnetic quantum number (m𝓁) if the azimuthal quantum number (𝓁) is 2?

• -1, 0, 1

• -2, -1, 0, 1, 2

• 0 only

• It cannot be determined without knowing the principal quantum number (n).

The spin quantum number (ms) can have two values. These values represent:

• the direction of the electron's movement

• the energy state of the electron

• the direction of the electron's spin

• whether the electron is paired with another electron

Which of the following statements about electrons with the same n and 𝓁 values is TRUE?

• They must have the same spin quantum number (ms).

• They must have different magnetic quantum numbers (m𝓁).

• They have the same energy level and orbital shape.

• They cannot exist in the same atom.

If an electron has a spin quantum number (ms) of +½, what is the MOST LIKELY spin of its paired electron in the same orbital?

• It must also have a spin of +½.

• It must have a spin of -½.

• It could have either +½ or -½ spin.

• It is impossible to determine without knowing the other quantum numbers.

An electron in an atom has n = 2 and 𝓁 = 1. What is the MAXIMUM number of electrons that can have the same set of quantum numbers?

• 1

• 2

• 6

• 10