Unit 2. Second language learning_How languages are learned

What is second language acquisition?

• The process of learning a new language only in adulthood.

• The process of learning a new language with prior knowledge of at least one language.

• The process of learning a new language without having contact with native speakers.

• The process of learning a new language without prior knowledge of any other language.

Why can prior knowledge of other languages be an advantage for second language learners?

• Because it allows them to better understand the grammar of the new language.

• Because it gives them an idea of how languages work in general.

• Because it helps them avoid making mistakes in the new language.

• Because it facilitates the acquisition of vocabulary in the new language.

What skills allow second language learners to solve problems and engage in discussions about language?

• Social and emotional skills.

• Motor skills and coordination.

• Memory and attention skills.

• Cognitive maturity and metalinguistic awareness.

Why do some theorists suggest that cognitive skills can interfere with language acquisition?

• Why do some theorists suggest that cognitive skills can interfere with language acquisition?

• Because they think that cognitive skills can lead to errors in the grammar of the new language.

• Because they believe that cognitive skills are specific to language acquisition.

• Because they argue that cognitive skills can hinder language acquisition.

• Because they believe that cognitive skills are not useful for learning a new language.

What is the only place where feedback on errors is typically frequent?

• Where is the only place where feedback on errors is typically frequent?

• In social interaction with native speakers.

• In the familiar environment and close friendships.

• In the language classroom.

• In online learning situations.

What is the correct statement about the cross-influence between the first language and subsequently learned languages?

• The influence is always unidirectional, from the first language to the later languages.

• The influence is minimal and has no impact on the acquisition of later languages.

• The influence is always negative and causes confusion in learners.

• The influence can be bidirectional, affecting both the first language and later languages.

What is the correct statement about vocabulary growth through reading?

• Reading fiction is the best way for students to learn vocabulary.

• Vocabulary growth through reading requires little effort and occurs naturally.

• Reading scientific texts does not provide opportunities to learn vocabulary related to social interaction.

• It is difficult to infer the meaning of a new word from reading if 95% of the other words are not known.

What is pragmatics in the context of language?

• The study of grammar and syntax of a language.

• The study of how language is used in different contexts to express directivity, courtesy, and deference.

• The study of phonetics and intonation in speech.

• The study of the historical evolution of a language and its dialects.

Why is it important for foreign language learners to understand the different varieties of English?

• Because it gives them an overview of the differences between English and other languages.

• Because it allows them to communicate effectively with native English speakers.

• Because it helps them understand the historical evolution of the English language.

• Because it prepares them to teach English as a foreign language in the future.

What is the role of metalinguistic awareness in second language acquisition?

• It has no impact on language learning.

• It helps learners understand the structure and use of language.

• It only applies to the first language and not to subsequent languages.

• It hinders the acquisition of vocabulary in the new language.