Enlightenment Era Regents Review

Who is known as the "Father of Liberalism" and argued for the separation of church and state?

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire

Which Enlightenment philosopher is best known for his work "The Social Contract," where he discusses the concept of general will?

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

The idea that government powers should be divided into separate branches was primarily advocated by which Enlightenment thinker?

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes

Which of the following best describes the Enlightenment's impact on society?

• It reinforced the divine right of kings.

• It led to the decline of scientific exploration.

• It promoted the ideas of equality and individual rights.

• It discouraged the development of new political ideas.

The Enlightenment encouraged the questioning of traditional authority. Which area of society was MOST influenced by this skepticism?

• Military tactics

• Religious institutions

• Agricultural practices

• Family structures

"Enlightened absolutism" refers to the rule of monarchs who

• rejected Enlightenment ideas entirely.

• embraced democratic principles, abolishing their own power.

• incorporated Enlightenment ideas without giving up their power.

• focused solely on economic reforms.

Which Enlightenment thinker argued in favor of freedom of speech and religion?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and science most directly contributed to which of the following?

• The decline of the feudal system

• The rise of the Romantic movement in the arts

• Advances in the Scientific Revolution

• The strengthening of absolute monarchies

Which of the following was NOT a common theme in Enlightenment-era art?

• Emphasis on classical antiquity

• Celebration of religious mysticism

• Focus on symmetry and balance

• Portrayal of Enlightenment ideals

The concept of "natural rights" — life, liberty, and property — was most directly articulated by

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau