Genetics Quiz

What is the difference between a dominant and recessive trait?

• Dominant traits require two copies of a gene variant to express, while recessive traits require only one.

• Dominant traits mask the effects of recessive traits when both are present.

• Recessive traits are more common in the population than dominant traits.

• There is no difference; both terms describe the same genetic phenomenon.

What is heredity?

• The process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring

• A type of genetic disorder

• A method of genetic modification

• The study of historical genealogies

What are monogenic traits?

• Traits controlled by a single gene

• Traits controlled by multiple genes

• Traits not influenced by genes

• Traits influenced by environmental factors

What are polygenic traits?

• Traits influenced by a single gene

• Traits influenced by multiple genes

• Traits that do not change over time

• Traits that are not inheritable

Use a real-world example to best describe the difference between monogenic and polygenic traits

• Monogenic traits are determined by a single gene, such as cystic fibrosis, while polygenic traits are influenced by multiple genes, like height.

• Monogenic traits cannot be inherited, whereas polygenic traits can be.

• All human traits are either monogenic or polygenic, with no overlap.

• Monogenic and polygenic traits refer to the same genetic phenomenon.

What is a Punnett square?

• Understanding genetic inheritance

• Calculating probabilities in genetics

• Setting up a chart to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment

• Analyzing phenotypic ratios in offspring

Calculate the genotype ratio of the offspring of two heterozygous parents; show your work!

• 1:2:1

• 3:1

• 9:3:3:1

• 1:1

What is the phenotypic ratio of a heterozygous dominant couple cross?

• 3:1

• 9:3:3:1

• 1:2:1

• None of the above

What's the difference between phenotype and genotype?

• Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics, while genotype is the genetic makeup.

• Genotype refers to the observable characteristics, while phenotype is the genetic makeup.

• Phenotype and genotype are the same.

• There is no difference; both terms are unrelated to genetics.

Who is Gregor Mendel?

• The father of modern genetics

• A famous physicist

• A 19th-century composer

• A contemporary artist