Mod 62 READING GUIDE

What is the main focus of the questions that researchers have identified regarding human intelligence?

• How aging affects crystallized and fluid intelligence

• The speed of brain networks

• The relative size of the brain

• The amount of brain tissue

According to cross-sectional studies, how do older adults perform on intelligence tests compared to younger adults?

• Older adults perform better because of increased wisdom.

• Older adults give fewer correct answers.

• There is no significant difference in performance.

• Younger adults perform worse due to lack of experience.

What is fluid intelligence?

• The ability to solve new problems using logic.

• The amount of information one can memorize.

• The ability to use accumulated knowledge.

• The speed of processing visual information.

At what age does fluid intelligence begin to decrease according to the text?

• After age 75

• Starting in the twenties and thirties

• Up to age 75

• In the late forties

What does the longitudinal study research mentioned in the text compare?

• The same point in time for different age groups.

• Different points in time for the same cohort of people.

• The intelligence of people from different countries.

• The speed of learning in different age groups.

According to longitudinal studies, what happens to intelligence as the same individuals are restudied over time?

• Intelligence shows a significant decline.

• Intelligence remains stable or increases on some tests.

• Intelligence peaks in middle age and then declines.

• Intelligence increases until age 85 and then declines sharply.

What is a limitation of longitudinal studies mentioned in the text?

• They cannot compare different age groups.

• They are too quick to conduct.

• They may have a bias due to participant loss over time.

• They always show declining intelligence scores.

According to Figure 62.1, which method shows a decline in reasoning ability score with age?

• Longitudinal method

• Cross-sectional method

• Both methods

• Neither method

What is the main difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies as described in the text?

• Cross-sectional studies compare different age groups at one time, while longitudinal studies follow the same group over time.

• Cross-sectional studies follow the same group over time, while longitudinal studies compare different age groups at one time.

• Cross-sectional studies are qualitative, while longitudinal studies are quantitative.

• Cross-sectional studies focus on children, while longitudinal studies focus on adults.

According to the graph in Figure 62.2, which cognitive ability shows a relative performance above the average test-taker's score as age increases?

• Reasoning

• Spatial visualization

• Memory

• Vocabulary and knowledge