Old Logical Fallacies Quiz

What is an Ad Hominem fallacy?

• A) A claim that something must be true because it hasn't been proven false.

• B) An attempt to invalidate an opponent's position based on a personal trait or fact about the opponent rather than through logic.

• C) Arguing against a hyperbolic, inaccurate version of the opposition rather than their actual argument.

• D) Assuming something is true because others agree with it.

What does a Red Herring fallacy involve?

• A) Shifting focus from the debate at hand by introducing an irrelevant point.

• B) Claiming a specific series of events will follow from one starting point, with no supporting evidence for this chain of events.

• C) A statement crafted to mislead or confuse readers or listeners by using multiple meanings or interpretations of a word.

• D) Claiming an authority figure's expertise to support a claim despite this expertise being irrelevant or overstated.

Which fallacy is characterized by arguing against an exaggerated version of the opposition's argument?

• A) Equivocation

• B) Slippery Slope

• C) Straw Man

• D) Appeal to Ignorance

What is Equivocation?

• A) A claim that something must be true because it hasn't been proven false.

• B) Assuming something is true because others agree with it.

• C) A statement crafted to mislead or confuse readers or listeners by using multiple meanings or interpretations of a word.

• D) Claiming a specific series of events will follow from one starting point, with no supporting evidence for this chain of events.

What is a Slippery Slope fallacy?

• A) Claiming that a specific series of events will follow from one starting point, with no supporting evidence for this chain of events.

• B) An attempt to invalidate an opponent's position based on a personal trait or fact about the opponent rather than through logic.

• C) A claim that something must be true because it hasn't been proven false.

• D) Arguing against a hyperbolic, inaccurate version of the opposition rather than their actual argument.

What does the Hasty Generalization fallacy refer to?

• A) Claiming an authority figure's expertise to support a claim despite this expertise being irrelevant or overstated.

• B) Making a claim based on just one or a few examples rather than relying on more extensive research to back up the claim.

• C) Assuming something is true because others agree with it.

• D) Claiming that there are only two options in a given situation when in fact more options exist.

What is an Appeal to (Illegitimate) Authority?

• A) Claiming that a specific series of events will follow from one starting point, with no supporting evidence for this chain of events.

• B) Claiming an authority figure's expertise to support a claim despite this expertise being irrelevant or overstated.

• C) A statement crafted to mislead or confuse readers or listeners by using multiple meanings or interpretations of a word.

• D) An attempt to invalidate an opponent's position based on a personal trait or fact about the opponent rather than through logic.

What is a False Dilemma (False Dichotomy)?

• A) Claiming that there are only two options in a given situation when in fact more options exist.

• B) Making a claim based on just one or a few examples rather than relying on more extensive research to back up the claim.

• C) Assuming something is true because others agree with it.

• D) A claim that something must be true because it hasn't been proven false.

What does the Bandwagon fallacy assume?

• A) Something is true because it hasn't been proven false.

• B) Something is true (or right or good) because others agree with it.

• C) An exaggerated version of the opposition's argument is being argued against.

• D) An authority figure's expertise is being claimed to support a claim despite this expertise being irrelevant or overstated.

What is the Appeal to Ignorance fallacy?

• A) A claim that something must be true because it hasn't been proven false.

• B) A claim that something must be false because it hasn't been proven true.

• C) Assuming something is true because others agree with it.

• D) Claiming an authority figure's expertise to support a claim despite this expertise being irrelevant or overstated.