Decolonization

One way in which Simón Bolívar, Jomo Kenyatta, and Mohandas Gandhi are similar is that each

• led a nationalist movement

• used nonviolent tactics

• supported imperialism

• opposed communism

The original goal of Pan-Africanism was to

• demand democratic reforms

• encourage ethnic rivalry

• promote a united Africa

• divide Africa into separate countries

"...I saw that the whole solution to this problem lay in political freedom for our people, for it is only when a people are politically free that other races can give them the respect that is due to them. It is impossible to talk of equality of races in any other terms. No people without a government of their own can expect to be treated on the same level as peoples of independent sovereign states. It is far better to be free to govern or misgovern yourself than to be governed by anybody else...." — Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah, Thomas Nelson & Sons, 1957 Which idea is expressed in this statement by Kwame Nkrumah?

• free trade

• collective security

• self-determination

• peaceful coexistence

The philosophies of Confucius (K'ung-fu-tzu) and Mao Zedong both emphasized

• individual rather than cooperative gain

• industry rather than agriculture

• group rather than individual welfare

• religious values rather than economic profits

A major goal of the Cultural Revolution in China during the 1960s was to

• restore China to the glory of the Han dynasty

• reemphasize Confucian traditional values

• weaken Communist ideas

• eliminate opposition to Mao Zedong

The Great Leap Forward in China and the five-year plans in the Soviet Union were attempts to increase

• private capital investment

• religious tolerance

• individual ownership of land

• industrial productivity

The difficult, year-long journey made by Mao Zedong and his Communist followers in 1934 through China’s mountains, marshes, and rivers was called the

• Cultural Revolution

• Great Leap Forward

• Boxer Rebellion

• Long March

Which action was most opposed by Mohandas Gandhi?

• using violence to obtain independence

• boycotting foreign businesses

• engaging in protest marches

• supporting the development of native industries

The partition of the Indian subcontinent into India and Pakistan after World War II was based largely on

• political and religious factors

• economic concerns

• military strategies

• health and medical problems

The movements led by Mohandas Gandhi of India and Martin Luther King, Jr., of the United States are similar because both

• supported attempts to overthrow the established government

• advocated civil disobedience to bring about social change

• appealed solely to the upper classes for financial support

• resulted in their leaders gaining national political office