Spring CA Review 23-24

Using the phylogenetic tree, which organism represents the most recent common ancestor of amphibians?

According to the data, which organism is most closely related to the chicken? Enter the answer in the box.

A new predator that feeds on rabbits, Predator B, is introduced into an ecosystem. Predator B runs faster than the native predator of rabbits, Predator A. What two outcomes may occur due to the introduction of Predator B? Select TWO correct answers.

• The slower rabbits will build stronger leg muscles that will be passed on to their offspring.

• The fastest runners in the Predator A population will reproduce, increasing the running speed of the Predator A population.

• The fastest runners in the rabbit population will reproduce, increasing the running speed of the rabbit population.

• The slower runners in the Predator B population will reproduce, decreasing the running speed of the Predator B population.

• The Predator A population will interbreed with the Predator B population to produce a new predator species with an increased running speed.

The process of cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide (CO2) as a waste product. CO2 must be transported and removed from the body. Which body systems are involved in this interaction?

• endocrine

• nervous

• digestive

• respiratory

• circulatory

A table of arachnid and insect characteristics is shown. Which characteristics can be used to distinguish between arachnids and insects? Select TWO correct answers.

• Type of eye

• Segmented body

• Jointed legs

• Antennae

• Presence of eyes

A virus caused a large decline in the seal population in the North Sea. The seal population dropped from 8000 to 800. In an effort to help preserve the species, scientists caught 20 of the remaining seals and used them to start a new population in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Which statements describe the new population of seals? Select TWO correct answers.

• The genetic variety of the new seal population is identical to that of the original population of seals.

• The new seal population is genetically more diverse than that of the original seal population.

• The new seal population is genetically less diverse than that of the original seal population.

• The new seal population will genetically recombine with other species.

• The new seal population will experience genetic drift.

Which statement about adaptations is correct as it pertains to the scientific theory of evolution?

• Adaptations, which are beneficial genetic traits, are critical to the survival of a species by providing alternative ways to adjust to a changing environment and prevent extinction.

• Adaptations, processes in which a single surviving organism chooses to change its traits, allows a species to redevelop variability and increase in numbers.

• Adaptations, processes in which an organism physically changes its environment, provide a way for species to decrease its numbers to prevent competition.

• Adaptations, which are learned behaviors, allow organisms to learn how to survive in any environment to prevent extinction.

What is the purpose of the taxonomic system?

• To extend scientists’ ability to magnify living organisms

• To organize living organisms in a meaningful way

• To require scientists to use standard units of measurement

• To determine the biochemistry of different species

A beneficial trait that an organism expresses during its lifetime will only cause its species to become better adapted and increase the species’ reproductive success if the trait —

• results from isolation of the organism from the rest of the population

• decreases the number of genes in the body cells of the organism

• causes a change in the organism’s environment

• is caused by the genetic code that is present in the gametes of the organism

Scientists compared the fossil remains of a species that lived 5,000 years ago to members of the same species living today. Scientists concluded that the species changed very little over this period of time. Which statement best accounts for this lack of change?

• The environment changed significantly, but the species had no natural enemies for a long period of time.

• The environment did not change significantly, and those offspring expressing new characteristics did not survive.

• The environment did not change significantly, and those offspring expressing new characteristics survived their natural enemies.

• The environment changed significantly, and those offspring without favorable characteristics did not survive.