L3 PT Quiz on Heart Anatomy

What do the atria of the heart do?

• They pump blood into the arteries.

• They prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria.

• They prevent backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles.

• They receive blood from the veins.

What is another name for the left atrioventricular (AV) valve?

• Tricuspid valve

• Pulmonary valve

• Mitral valve

• Aortic valve

What is the function of the ventricles in the heart?

• They prevent backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles.

• They receive blood from the veins.

• They prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria.

• They pump blood into the arteries.

What is the function of the atrioventricular valves?

• They pump blood into the arteries.

• They receive blood from the veins.

• They prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria.

• They prevent backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles.

Where does the action potential/impulse start in the heart?

• Atria

• Ventricles

• AV node

• SA node

What is the role of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the contraction of the myocardium?

• It passes the impulse across the atria.

• It contracts the ventricles.

• It stimulates and delays the contraction of the ventricular myocardium until the atria have fully contracted.

• It creates ventricular contraction directly.

What is known as the 'fatty streak' stage in the development of atherosclerosis?

• Blockage

• Narrowing

• Inflammation

• Rupture

What causes the artery to narrow during the development of atherosclerosis?

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What happens during the blockage stage of atherosclerosis?

• The body's protective mechanism creates a blood clot around the rupture which further scars, hardens, and can block the entire artery.

• The SA node stimulates the atria to contract.

• The AV node contracts the ventricles.

• The body repairs the damaged area with cholesterol only.

What two factors determine blood pressure

• Heart rate and blood volume

• Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance

• Blood viscosity and vessel elasticity

• Arterial plaque and cholesterol levels