CALP Birsh book

Research suggests that the defining characteristic of dyslexia is that a student does what?

• a. Reads letters and words backward

• b. Has difficulties with the phonology of language

• c. Has attention and motivation issues

• d. Has inadequate cognitive abilities

Impairments in phonemic awareness skills in kindergarteners will do which of the following?

• a. Resolve themselves over time

• b. Be remediated in later grades

• c. Persist without explicit instruction

• d. Affect decoding but not spelling

Research suggests that effective phonics instruction is what?

• a. Indirect

• b. Systematic

• c. Incidental

• d. Optional

How can academic language be described?

• a. Naturally acquired

• b. Everyday language

• c. Useful but not necessary

• d. Classroom language

Close reading is meant to reduce college students’ challenges related to reading because of

which of the following?

• a. The demands of complex text

• b. Issues with attention and motivation

• c. Lack of motivation and engagement

• d. Difficulties with decoding and fluency

A teacher is planning a Structured Literacy lesson for her student. Initially, she used informal

assessment to determine which phoneme–grapheme associations the student had mastered.

For new learning, she selects the next unknown phoneme–grapheme association in order of

difficulty. Which principle of Structured Literacy does this choice represent?

• a. Instruction is diagnostic.

• b. Instruction is explicit.

• c. Instruction is sequential.

• d. Instruction is multisensory.

A teacher is delivering a Structured Literacy lesson. Within this lesson, he presents cards with

single letters printed on them and asks the student to pronounce the associated sound. He has

the student read lists of single words as well as connected text. Which of the following do these

activities represent?

• a. Grapheme to phoneme

• b. Phoneme to grapheme

• c. Speech to text

• d. Text to speech

Research studies have identified differences between the brains of individuals with and without

reading disability (dyslexia). Which of the following has not been reported regarding students

with dyslexia?

• a. Potential weaknesses in anatomical connectivity patterns have been identified.

• b. Functional brain activation patterns become more normalized after Structured Literacy

  intervention.

• c. During reading, there is hypoactivation within brain areas involved in articulation and

  naming.

• d. The process of multisensory integration occurs at a slower rate.

Regarding the efficacy of the use of multisensory instructional strategies, which of the follow-

ing is true?

• a. Researchers have documented the efficacy of multisensory instructional strategies.

• b. Researchers have studied the efficacy of multisensory instructional strategies.

• c. The National Reading Panel recommended the use of multisensory instructional strategies.

• d. The National Reading Panel identified the best multisensory methodology for teaching

  phonics.

Which is an example that demonstrates a student’s understanding English morphology?

• a. Knowing the multiple spellings for /ā/ and how to make an informed choice

• b. Knowing that fine, the base in the words finish and definite, means “to end”

• c. Knowing that the sentence “He the hamburger delicious ate” is grammatically incorrect

• d. Knowing that the definition of the word left varies depending on context