Ethical Theories Test Review

What is the ultimate goal of our lives, according to Aristotle?

• Wealth and material possessions

• Power and influence

• Happiness (eudaimonia)

• Pleasure

According to Aristotle, what is the distinction between pleasure and human flourishing?

• Pleasure is the feeling of happiness, while human flourishing is the state of having fulfilled your potential and living well.

• Pleasure is the state of having fulfilled your potential and living well, while human flourishing is the feeling of happiness.

• Pleasure and human flourishing are the same thing.

• Pleasure and human flourishing are unrelated concepts.

What is the function of man, according to Aristotle?

• To seek pleasure and avoid pain

• To act rationally and pursue happiness

• To accumulate wealth and power

• Doing the hokey-pokey is what being human is all about

According to Aristotle, what is the relationship between virtues and habits?

• Virtues are innate and cannot be influenced by habits.

• Habits can only reinforce vices, not virtues.

• Virtues are acquired and developed through habituation.

• Habits have no impact on a person's moral character.

To say that the virtues are found in the “mean” is to say virtues are between ________.

• Right and wrong

• Excess and Deficiency

• Validity and Soundness

• Moral or Intellectual

If someone subscribes to Aristotle’s viewpoint, when they are faced with a moral decision they should choose ____.

• To do whatever is virtuous, because it’s what is rational and leads to a life of eudaimonia

• Whatever benefits themselves, it’s all about finding pleasure in every given moment

• Whatever would bring about the best karma for the future, what comes around goes around

• Whatever is hardest, in suffering is where we find meaning in life

According to Mill, what is the defining principle of utilitarianism?

• The pursuit of happiness

• The pursuit of wealth

• The pursuit of power

• The pursuit of knowledge

What is the goal of utilitarianism?

• To maximize pleasure for oneself

• To maximize pleasure for the greatest number of people

• To kill as many people as possible on trolley tracks

• To become a better, more virtuous person

What is the Felicific Calculus?

• A mathematical approach to happiness

• An argument against utilitarianism

• A theory of happiness proposed by Aristotle

• Kant’s college major

What role does self-sacrifice play in utilitarianism?

• It’s not important, utilitarianism is about self-fulfillment and your own happiness

• Sometimes you take one for the team in bringing about the most happiness for the most people

• It is always required in bringing about the greatest good

• It is never required in bringing about the greatest good